Evolution Characteristics and Cause Analysis of Ground Subsidence in Sanhe City, Hebei Province, Based on SBAS-InSAR Technology
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摘要: 通过相关学者的研究可知，三河市在2003—2016年期间，地面沉降速率逐步加大，其中燕郊地区地面沉降最为严重，已和北京通州沉降区连成一片，而2016年之后三河市地面沉降灾害的发展变化趋势尚不明确。随着京津冀一体化发展、北京城市副中心建设等国家政策的出台，查明三河市地面沉降灾害的发展演化特征并分析成因对保障三河市的城市安全和可持续发展至关重要。在此背景下，笔者采用SBAS-InSAR技术解译三河市2018—2020年地面沉降发展演化特征，同时分析了导致三河市地面沉降的几个诱发因素，总结主要成因。通过本次研究，掌握了三河市地面沉降灾害的空间分布及演化特征：三河市地面沉降在空间上呈现西部严重，东部较缓，发育重点沉降区的总体特征；主要发育有2个重点沉降区，分别为含3个沉降漏斗的燕郊镇沉降区和含1个沉降漏斗的段甲岭镇沉降区，其中燕郊镇沉降区为三河市地面沉降最为严重的区域；2018—2020年，三河市地面沉降灾害总体呈现减缓趋势。同时通过对比分析，三河市地下水的严重超采、土层性质、城镇化发展及人口激增是三河市地面沉降灾害发生及发展的主要因素。本文研究成果将为该区域地面沉降灾害的防治提供参考。Abstract: According to studies by relevant scholars, the ground subsidence rate in Sanhe City, Hebei, increased gradually from 2003 to 2016, with the most severe subsidence observed in the Yanjiao area , which has become contiguous with the subsidence area in Tongzhou, Beijing. However, the development trend of ground subsidence disasters in Sanhe City after 2016 remains unclear. With the implementation of national policies such as the integration of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the construction of Beijing’s sub-center, it is crucial to identify the development and evolution characteristics of land subsidence disasters in Sanhe City and analyze their causes to ensure the urban safety and sustainable development of Sanhe City. In this context, the authors used SBAS-InSAR technology to interpret the evolution characteristics of ground subsidence in Sanhe City from 2018 to 2020, and analyzed several inducing factors that led to land subsidence in Sanhe City, summarizing the main causes. Through this study, the spatial distribution and evolutionary characteristics of land subsidence disasters in Sanhe City were grasped: the western part of the city exhibits severe subsidence, while the eastern part is less affected, with a focus on the overall characteristics of key subsidence areas. Two main subsidence areas were identified, namely, the Yanjiao Town subsidence area with three subsidence funnels and the DuanJialing town subsidence area with one subsidence funnel, with the former being the most severely affected. From 2018 to 2020, the overall trend of ground subsidence disasters in Sanhe City showed a slowdown. Through comparative analysis, it was determined that severe overexploitation of groundwater, soil properties, urbanization development, and population growth are the main factors contributing to the occurrence and development of ground subsidence disasters in Sanhe City. The research results of this paper will provide reference for the prevention and control of ground subsidence disasters in the region.
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Key words:
- Sanhe City /
- SBAS InSAR /
- ground subsidence /
- groundwater overexploitation /
- urbanization development /
- cause analysis.
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图 3 水准测量值与SBAS-InSAR解译值对比图
Figure 3. Comparison between Leveling measurement Values and SBAS-InSAR Interpreted Values
图 4 2018 （a） 、2019 （b）、2020年（c）三河市地面沉降时间序列演化特征
Figure 4. Time-series evolution characteristics of land subsidence in Sanhe City for the Years 2018 （a）, 2019 （b）, and 2020 （c）
图 5 2020年8月三河市浅层含水层地下水水位等值线和水位埋深图
Figure 5. Groundwater level contour and buried depth in shallow aquifers in Sanhe City, August 2020
图 6 2020年8月三河市深层含水层地下水水位等值线和水位埋深图
Figure 6. Groundwater level contour and buried depth map of deep aquifer in Sanhe City, August 2020
图 7 三河市平原区粘土层总厚度分区图
Figure 7. Zoning map of total thickness of clay layer in the plain area of Sanhe City
图 8 1987～2020年三河市城镇扩张进程图
Figure 8. Urban Expansion Process Map of in Sanhe City from 1987 to 2020
表 1 2016年三河市各乡镇地下水开发利用简表
Table 1. Summary of groundwater development and utilization invarious townships of Sanhe City in the year 2016
乡镇 生活用水 农业用水 工业用水 浅层 深层 基岩 总开采量 深层 基岩 浅层 深层 基岩 开采量 开采量 开采量 燕郊镇 5123.94 0 480.06 1070.57 0 480.06 6194.51 0 6674.57 泃阳镇 513.12 0 961.84 266.94 0 961.84 780.06 0 1741.9 高楼镇 176.48 2945.04 914.79 0 0 914.79 176.48 2945.04 4036.31 齐心庄镇 120.67 18.03 688.09 0 330.46 688.09 120.67 348.49 1157.25 段甲岭镇 63.8 56.11 448.46 0 0 448.46 63.8 56.11 568.37 李旗庄镇 138.7 0 487.69 0 0 487.69 138.7 0 626.39 黄土庄镇 247.11 0 1072.13 0 0 1072.13 247.11 0 1319.24 杨庄镇 202.94 0 696.02 0 0 696.02 202.94 0 898.96 皇庄镇 268.22 0 964.47 0 0 964.47 268.22 0 1232.69 新集镇 328.83 0 1098.45 0 0 1098.45 328.83 0 1427.28 合计 10202.99 7812 1667.97 7812 8521.32 3349.64 19683 注：单位为104 m3 
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