ISSN 1003-8035 CN 11-2852/P

    云南兰坪练登沟泥石流发育演化特征及成灾动力学过程模拟

    Development and evolution characteristics of debris flow and simulation of its catastrophic Dynamic process in Liandeng Gully, Lanping county, Yunnan Province

    • 摘要: 练登沟历史上多次暴发泥石流灾害,频繁造成人员伤亡、阻断交通、堵塞河道等严重后果。通过野外实地调查和遥感解译,查明了练登沟流域沟道变化规律、物源变化特点及泥石流发育演化特征,运用数值模拟,分析了不同降雨频率下练登沟泥石流成灾动力学特征。结果表明,练登沟泥石流启动点位于主沟左侧的2号、4号、5号支沟源头,流域内沟道逐年扩宽,物源持续发育;在10年、20年、50年、100年一遇降雨频率下,泥石流沿途成灾过程相似,在沟口处最大流速分别为1.57 m/s、2.01 m/s、2.48 m/s、2.98 m/s,冲出规模分别为2.64万m3、5.17万m3、11.56万m3、18.76万m3;在10年一遇降雨频率下,其暴发泥石流就对沟口道路形成淤埋并堵塞河道,形成堰塞湖。针对练登沟泥石流成灾特点,建议沟域内采用固源固床、拦挡、排导等综合防治措施。结果可为高频泥石流发育演化特征研究及当地防灾减灾工程提供一定参考。

       

      Abstract: Liandeng Gully has historically experienced frequent debris flow disasters that often causes casualties, traffic disruptions, and river blockages. Based on field investigations and remote sensing interpretation, this study investigates the morphological changes in the gully, the characteristics of sediment sources, and the evolution patterns of debris flow. Using numerical simulation, the dynamic behavior of debris flow under various rainfall return periods was analyzed. The results indicate that debris flow initiation zones are concentrated at tributaries No. 2, 4, and 5 on the left side of the main gully, where channels have widened over time and material sources continue to accumulate. Under the rainfall frequencies of once every 10, 20, 50, and 100 years, debris flow disasters exhibit similar progression, with peak flow velocities at the gully outlet reaching 1.57 m/s, 2.01 m/s, 2.48 m/s, and 2.98 m/s, and debris volumes of 26,400 m3, 51,700 m3, 115,600 m3, and 187,600 m3, respectively. Under the 10-year return period rainfall scenario, debris flows can bury roads and block rivers, forming dammed lakes. In view of the characteristics of debris flow in Liandeng Gully, comprehensive mitigation and control measures are recommended, including source stabilization, channel bed reinforcement, barriers, and diversion works. The findings provide scitific supoprt for the study of high-frequency debris flow development and evolution, and serves as a reference for local disaster prevention and mitigation projects.

       

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