Analysis of disaster risk to oil and gas pipelines and the effect of CFG reinforcement on high-fill slopes in Yunnan
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摘要:
文章旨在研究位于云南省安宁市的某重点建设项目中填方边坡的稳定性及对坡脚油气管道的影响。该项目于2023年初形成了长近1.6 km、最大高度约42 m的高填方边坡,由于场地规划选址的限制，在高填方边坡坡脚平行埋设有4条油气管道，边坡坡脚距离最近的管道仅有7 m，这给油气管道的安全带来了严重威胁。研究采用FLAC3D软件，分析了填方边坡对坡脚管道的影响，并探讨了在边坡坡脚布置5排CFG桩的情况下边坡的稳定性。研究结果表明：失稳滑动面仅出现在人工填土内，位于油气管道上方；填方边坡的基本稳定系数为1.305，在暴雨工况下边坡处于基本稳定状态；管道在天然工况下满足稳定性要求，但在暴雨工况下可能导致变形和破裂；边坡坡脚地基增设5排CFG桩后，暴雨工况下管道变形和椭圆度满足规范要求，边坡稳定系数提升了4.2%，但仍未满足规范安全储备要求。建议进一步采取防治措施以保证填方边坡的安全储备。
Abstract:The study aims to investigate the stability of high fill slopes and their impact on oil and gas pipelines at the foot of the slopes in a key construction project located in Anning City, Yunnan Province. The project formed a high fill slope with a length of nearly 1.6km and a maximum height of about 42 m in early 2023. Due to site planning constraints, four oil and gas pipelines were buried parallel at the foot of the high-fill slope, with the closest pipeline being only 7 m away from the foot of the slope, posing a serious threat to the safety of the oil and gas pipelines. FLAC3D software was employed to analyze the influence of the fill slope on the pipelines at the foot of the slope, and to explore the stability of the slope with the installation of five rows of CFG piles at the toe. The results show that the potential failure surface exists only within the artificial fill, above the oil and gas pipelines. The basic stability factor of the fill slope is 1.305, indicating basic stability under extreme rainfall conditions. Under natural conditions, the pipeline meets the stability requirements, but may lead to deformation and rupture under heavy rainfall conditions. With the addition of five rows of CFG piles at the slope toe, pipeline deformation and ellipticity meet the specification requirements under heavy rainfall conditions, and the safety and stability coefficient of the slope increases by 4.2%, yet fails to meet the specification safety reserve requirements. Further preventive measures are recommended to ensure the safety reserve of the fill slope.
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Keywords:
- oil and gas pipeline /
- high fill slopes /
- slope stability /
- CFG pile /
- slope safety reserve
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图 1 填方边坡及油气管道位置关系图
Figure 1. Relationship between the filled slopes and the positions of oil and gas pipelines
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图 3 填方边坡典型工程地质剖面图
Figure 3. Typical engineering geological cross-section profile of the filled slope
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图 8 天然工况下坡体水平位移场
Figure 8. Horizontal displacement field of the slope body under natural working conditions
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图 9 暴雨工况坡体水平位移场
Figure 9. Horizontal displacement field of the slope body under heavy rainfall conditions
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图 11 暴雨工况管道计算结果
Figure 11. Simulation results of pipeline under heavy rainfall conditions
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图 14 CFG桩处理后在暴雨工况下的边坡X方向位移分布云图
Figure 14. Contour map of X-direction displacement distribution of the slope under heavy rainfall conditions after CFG pile treatment
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图 15 CFG桩处理后在暴雨工况管道变形分布云图
Figure 15. Contour map of pipe distribution deformation under heavy rainfall conditions after CFG pile treatment
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图 16 CFG桩剪力与位移模拟计算结果
Figure 16. Simulation results of shear stress and displacement of CFG piles
表 1 研究区地层岩性表
Table 1 Stratigraphic lithology of the study area
地层 代号 描述 第四系人工填土 ①2层：褐黄色，褐灰色，红褐色，稍湿，松散，成分主要为黏性土及碎石，主要分布于填方边坡区。层厚0.20～42 m，揭露平均厚度约2.49 m。回填时间短，局部经碾压 第四系耕植土 ①1层：褐红色，稍湿，质地松散，均匀性较差。成分主要为黏性土及碎石，分布于旱地内。层厚 0.30～1.80 m，平均厚度0.61 m 第四系坡残积黏土 ②层：棕红色和褐红色的土壤，稍微湿润，主要呈硬塑状态，土质均匀。钻探揭露厚度介于0.50～22.40 m，揭露平均厚度约5.29 m 第四系坡残积粉质黏土 ③层：棕红和灰黄色的土壤，夹杂有灰白色的条带，稍微湿润，主要呈硬塑状态。土质不够均匀，局部出现混有粉砂团块和少量角砾的情况。角砾成份主要为强风化砂岩、白云岩。钻探揭露厚度介于0.90～36.30 m，揭露平均厚度约10.77 m，部分钻孔深度内未击穿该层 震旦系灯影组白云岩 Zbdn ④层：强风化，岩石呈灰色或灰白色，具有细晶结构和层状构造，经历了强烈的风化作用。其节理和裂隙非常发育，岩芯呈碎块状，裂隙常以灰黄色粉质黏土充填。场地范围钻孔均揭露 震旦系灯影组白云岩 Zbdn ④1层：岩石呈灰色或灰白色，具有细晶结构和层状构造，风化程度中等。节理和裂隙非常发育，岩芯呈短柱状，部分地区呈碎块状 
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表 2 填方边坡岩土体的物理力学参数
Table 2 Physical and mechanical parameters of the rock and soil bodies in the filled slopes
岩土
名称泊松比 天然重度
/（kN·m−3）饱和重度
/（kN·m−3）天然黏聚力
/MPa饱和黏聚力
/MPa天然内摩擦角
φ/（°）饱和内摩擦角
φ/（°）耕植土 0.20 17.0 17.5 9.0 8.5 19.0 18.5 素填土 0.20 17.3 18.0 9.0 8.5 19.0 18.5 黏土 0.35 18.2 18.8 35.6 27.5 25.2 22.2 粉质黏土 0.30 18.4 19.4 41.2 31.7 26.0 22.4 中风化白云岩 0.30 25.1 26.5 60.0 60.0 31.0 31.0
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表 3 各管道参数表
Table 3 Parameters of each pipeline
名称 输送介质 管材参数 云南成品油管道安曲线 95#汽油、92#汽油、0#柴油、航空煤油，
常温密闭输送L415级，管径406.4 mm，壁厚7.9 mm，高频电阻焊钢管（HFW管），杨氏模量2.0 GPa，泊松比0.30，密度 8500 kg/m云南成品油管道安保线 95#汽油、92#汽油、0#柴油，常温密闭输送 L415级，管径406.4 mm，壁厚7.9 mm，高频电阻焊钢管（HFW管），杨氏模量2.0 GPa，泊松比0.30，密度 8500 kg/m中缅原油管道安宁支线 轻质原油,常温密闭输送 X65（L450），管径610 mm，壁厚7.9 mm，螺旋缝埋弧焊钢管，杨氏模量2.0 GPa，泊松比0.30，密度 8500 kg/m中缅天然气管道玉溪支线 天然气，常温密闭输送 X80（L555），管径813 mm，壁厚14 mm，螺旋缝埋弧焊钢管，杨氏模量2.0 GPa，泊松比0.30，密度 8500 kg/m
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表 4 CFG桩单元计算参数
Table 4 Calculation parameters of CFG pile units
横截面积
/m2弹性模量
/GPa泊松比 法向及剪切耦合弹簧单位长度 刚度/GPa 黏聚力/kPa 摩擦角/（ °） 0.785 15 0.3 130 500 20
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