Study on risk assessment of geological hazards in Huizhou District, Huangshan City, Anhui Province
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摘要: 皖南山区是安徽省地质灾害高发区域。本文选取黄山市徽州区为研究区，根据区内地形地貌和地质构造特点，选取了高程、坡度、坡向、断裂构造、水系、土地覆盖类型、工程地质岩组、人类活动强度等8项致灾因子作为地质灾害危险性评价指标。结合地质灾害野外实地调查成果，采用信息量模型法对研究区进行地质灾害危险性评价，探索建立适合皖南山区的地质灾害危险性评价模型。Abstract: The mountainous area in southern Anhui Province is a high incidence area of geological disasters. This paper chooses Huizhou District of Huangshan City as the research area. According to the characteristics of landform and geological structure, eight impact factors, including elevation, slope, slope direction, fault structure, water system, land cover type, engineering geological rock formation and human activity intensity, were selected as the risk assessment indexes of geological disaster. Combined with the field survey results of geological disasters, the risk assessment of geological hazard in the study area was carried out by the method of information quantity model. A geological hazard assessment model suitable for the southern Anhui mountains was established.
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图 2 地质灾害点密度与致灾因子分级图
Figure 2. Density maps of geological disaster points andclassification diagram of the impact factors of geological disasters
图 3 研究区地质灾害危险性评价图
Figure 3. Geological hazard risk assessment map of the research area
表 1 高程分级及信息量统计表
Table 1. Satistics of elevation classification and information
评价指标 高程分级/m Si/S Ni/N 信息量I 数据 0～200 0.0732 0.0526 −0.3303 200～300 0.1717 0.1383 −0.2164 300～400 0.1967 0.3027 0.4310 400～500 0.2024 0.2355 0.1514 500～700 0.2475 0.2051 −0.1882 700～1300 0.1085 0.0659 −0.4984 
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表 2 坡度分级及信息量统计表
Table 2. Satistics of slope classification and information
评价指标 坡度分级/(°) Si/S Ni/N 信息量I 数据 0～10 0.0951 0.0173 −1.7023 10～20 0.1798 0.1207 −0.3985 20～30 0.3081 0.3682 0.1780 30～40 0.3071 0.3955 0.2530 40～50 0.1075 0.0966 −0.1066 50～90 0.0025 0.0017 −0.3454
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表 3 坡向分级及信息量统计表
Table 3. Satistics of slope classification and information
评价指标 坡向分级/(°) Si/S Ni/N 信息量I 数据 315～45 0.1761 0.1494 −0.1644 45～135 0.2890 0.3008 0.0399 135～225 0.2646 0.2808 0.0592 225～315 0.2703 0.2691 −0.0045
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表 4 断裂分级及信息量统计表
Table 4. Satistics of fracture classification and information
评价指标 断裂分级/m Si/S Ni/N 信息量I 数据 0～300 0.3637 0.5310 0.3785 300～600 0.2541 0.2833 0.1087 600～1000 0.2042 0.1406 −0.3731 1000～1500 0.1146 0.0287 −1.3833 >1500 0.0636 0.0164 −1.3550
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表 5 水系密度分级及信息量统计表
Table 5. Satistics of the river system density classification and information
评价指标 水系密度分级/(km−1) Si/S Ni/N 信息量I 数据 0～1.4052 0.7717 0.7523 −0.0255 1.4052～2.8695 0.1552 0.1689 0.0850 2.8695～6.2644 0.0731 0.0788 0.0745
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表 6 各土地利用类型信息量统计表
Table 6. Statistical table of information quantity of land use types
评价指标 用地分级 Si/S Ni/N 信息量I 数据 道路 0.0105 0.0168 0.4742 耕地 0.1030 0.0956 −0.0753 城镇用地 0.0186 0.0231 0.2168 水域 0.0114 0.0119 0.0493 林地 0.7650 0.7154 −0.0671 茶园 0.0915 0.1372 0.4049
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表 7 各工程地质岩组信息量统计表
Table 7. Statistical table of information of each engineering geological rock formation
评价指标 工程地质岩组分级 Si/S Ni/N 信息量I 数据 NH1x 0.1644 0.1429 −0.1404 PT2n 0.2790 0.2198 −0.2385 PT2d 0.4122 0.4889 0.1706 γδ 0.1105 0.0852 −0.2601 Q4 0.0065 0.0056 −0.1358 Qdl+el 0.0225 0.0523 0.8421 强风化层 0.0006 0.0011 0.6807 Qapl 0.0043 0.0036 −0.1669
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表 8 人类活动强度分级及信息量统计表
Table 8. Satistics of human activity intensity classification and information
评价指标 人类活动分级 Si/S Ni/N 信息量I 数据 0～1.4185 0.4642 0.2406 −0.6569 1.4185～4.5309 0.3624 0.3496 −0.0362 4.5309～5.8821 0.0850 0.1530 0.5878 5.8821～12.2955 0.0884 0.2335 0.9712
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表 9 地质灾害危险度分区面积统计表
Table 9. Statistical table of geological hazard area
危险度分区 信息量 分区面积/km2 不易发区 −4.732721～−1.18 104.49 低易发区 −1.18～−0.03 157.78 中易发区 −0.03～1.26 116.35 高易发区 1.26～3.449854 19.86
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表 10 不同危险度分区内地质灾害点数量统计表
Table 10. Statistical table of the number of geological disaster points in different risk zones
易发区分类 分区面积/km2 地质灾害点数量/个 不易发区 104.49 0 低易发区 157.78 3 中易发区 116.35 80 高易发区 19.86 132
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