甘肃黑方台罗家坡滑坡演化过程及运动机制分析

郭富赟; 张龙生; 王信; 宋晓玲

doi:10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202201006

甘肃黑方台罗家坡滑坡演化过程及运动机制分析

doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202201006

甘肃省地质环境监测院，甘肃兰州　730050

基金项目: 甘肃省科技重大专项（19ZD2FA002）

详细信息

作者简介:
郭富赟（1970-），男，甘肃景泰人，博士，正高级工程师，主要从事地质灾害防灾减灾方面的研究工作。E-mail：fyg51913@163.com

通讯作者:
张龙生（1984-），男，甘肃陇南人，学士，工程师，主要从事地质灾害防灾减灾方面工作。E-mail：312073027@qq.com

中图分类号: P642.22
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-07
- 修回日期: 2022-05-05
- 网络出版日期: 2023-01-12
- 刊出日期: 2023-04-25

Analysis on evolution process and movement mechanism of the Luojiapo landslide in Heifangtai, Gansu Province

Institute of Geo-environmental Monitoring of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu　730050, China

摘要

摘要: 2015年4月29日7时50分，甘肃省永靖县黑方台发生了大规模的滑坡，滑坡体积达1.27×10⁶ m³，摧毁了14户民房和3家工厂，造成直接经济损失5460万元。在对灾害现场进行大量地质调查的基础上，结合遥感、三维激光扫描等综合调查手段和现场视频监测资料，对罗家坡滑坡演化滑动特征进行了详细描述，对滑坡高速远程机制进行了解析。研究结果表明：罗家坡滑坡从时间线上先后经过5个阶段5种滑动形态,分别是黄土错落-碎屑流、黄土泥岩-碎屑流、黄土-碎屑流、黄土泥流和黄土错落滑动阶段。滑坡运动模式可分为块体碎屑流和黄土泥流两种类型，其中块体-碎屑流高速远程形成机制与先期滑体的“填凹造床效应”和高含水的下垫面土体密切相关。研究结果对于进一步加深对黑方台地区高速远程滑坡的形成机制的认识和风险控制具有积极的指导意义。
- 黑方台 /
- 黄土滑坡 /
- 碎屑流 /
- 泥流 /
- 高速远程 /
- 机制
Abstract: At 7:50 on April 29, 2015, a large-scale landslide occurred in Heifangtai, Yongjing County, Gansu Province, with a landslide volume of 126.88 × 10⁴ m³, destroying 14 houses and three factories, resulting in a direct economic loss of 54.6 million yuan. Based on a large number of geological investigations on the disaster site, combined with comprehensive investigation means such as remote sensing, three-dimensional laser scanning and on-site video monitoring data, this paper evolution and sliding characteristics of Luojiapo landslide in detail, and analyzes the high-speed remote mechanism of the landslide. The results show that Luojiapo landslide has gone through five stages and five sliding forms from the timeline: loess staggered debris flow, loess mudstone debris flow, loess debris flow, loess mudflow and loess staggered sliding. The landslide movement mode can be divided into two types: block debris flow and loess mud flow. The high-speed and long-distance formation mechanism of block debris flow is closely related to the “concave bed filling effect” of the previous landslide and the underlying surface soil with high water content. The research results have positive guiding significance for further deepening the understanding of the formation mechanism and risk control of high-speed and long-distance landslides in the Heifangtai area.
- Heifangtai /
- loess landslide /
- debris flow /
- mud flow /
- high-speed remote /
- mechanism

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图 1 罗家坡滑坡位置图

Figure 1. Location of Luojiapo landslide

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图 2 罗家坡滑坡地质剖面图

Figure 2. Geological profile of Luojiapo landslide

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图 3 罗家坡滑坡前后地貌对比图

Figure 3. Comparison of landform before and after Luojiapo landslide

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图 4 罗家坡滑坡全景

Figure 4. Panorama of Luojiapo landslide

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图 5 罗家坡滑坡演化模式图

Figure 5. Evolution model of Luojiapo landslide

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图 6 罗家坡滑坡不同阶段堆积形态图

Figure 6. Accumulation form of Luojiapo landslide at different stages

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图 7 黄土泥流拉槽现象（前期堆积体形成明显的侧坎，最大高度1.1 m）

Figure 7. Loess mud flow trough phenomenon (obvious side sill formed by early accumulation, maximum height 1.1 m)

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图 8 滑坡区三维地形图

Figure 8. 3D topographic map of landslide area

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图 9 滑坡“填凹造床效应”照片

Figure 9. “Effect of filling depression and forming bed” of landslide

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表 1 不同期次滑坡的运动特征参数

Table 1. Motion characteristic parameters of landslides in different stages

滑坡分期	滑源区长度/m	加速区长度/m	减速堆积区/m	滑动距离 /m	平均速度 /（m·s⁻¹）	最大速度 /（m·s⁻¹）
黄土泥岩滑坡	99	221	115	435	4.20	9.3
第一次黄土碎屑流	137	230	122	489	5.71	15.0
第二次黄土碎屑流	186	290	335	625	6.01	18.6
黄土泥流	155	277	184	461	10.70	13.2

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