天津地面沉降严重区分布特征及变化规律

李佳琦; 徐佳; 刘杰; 易长荣; 顾立军

doi:10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202202041

天津地面沉降严重区分布特征及变化规律

doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202202041

天津市地质事务中心，天津　300040

详细信息

作者简介:
李佳琦（1989-），女，硕士研究生，从事地面沉降监测与地下水研究工作。E-mail：954810447@qq.com

通讯作者:
徐　佳（1980-），男，博士研究生，从事地面沉降监测与地下水研究工作。E-mail：34106124@qq.com

中图分类号: P642.26
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-02-23
- 录用日期: 2022-04-06
- 修回日期: 2022-03-21
- 网络出版日期: 2022-12-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-04-25

Distribution characteristics and evolution trend of severe land subsidence areas in Tianjin City

Tianjin Geological Affairs Center, Tianjin　300040, China

摘要

摘要: 天津市地面沉降历史悠久，自1923年至今共经历了6个不同的阶段。截至2020年，天津市大面积的地面沉降已基本得到控制，但局部还存在年沉降量大于50 mm的沉降严重区，从大面积治理到小区域精准防控，天津市地面沉降分布特征已体现出新形势，地面沉降防治工作也面临着新的要求。为准确掌握新形势下地面沉降发展规律，精准施策，针对性治理，文中收集并分析2010—2020年天津市地面沉降水准测量、地下水位、地下水开采量等数据，对2010—2020年天津市地面沉降严重区分布特征及演化规律进行归纳总结。研究结果表明：2010—2020年，天津市地面沉降经历了沉降波动期（2010—2012年）、稳中向好期（2013—2016年）和快速减缓期（2017—2020年）三个时期，地面沉降平均沉降量下降了37%，沉降严重区面积减小了67%。各阶段沉降变化均与地下水开采量密切相关，截至2020年，天津市现存集中分布于西南部的5个沉降严重区，分布范围与深部含水组地下水漏斗分布范围基本一致。
- 地面沉降 /
- 沉降严重区 /
- 地下水开采 /
- 防治措施
Abstract: Tianjin has a long history of land subsidence, which has gone through six different stages since 1923. Although as of 2020, the land subsidence in a large area of Tianjin has been mostly controlled, there are still serious subsidence areas with an annual subsidence of over 50mm. From large-scale treatment to precise prevention and control of small areas, the distribution characteristics of ground subsidence in Tianjin have shown a new situation, and the prevention and control of land subsidence is also facing new requirements. To accurately grasp the development law of ground subsidence and implement precise policies under the new situation, this paper summarizes the distribution characteristics and evolution rules of severe land subsidence areas in Tianjin by collecting and analyzing the data of ground subsidence leveling, groundwater level, and groundwater extraction in Tianjin from 2010 to 2020. The results show that the land subsidence of Tianjin has experienced three periods during the ten years from 2010 to 2020: a fluctuation period in subsidence from 2010 to 2012, a steady improvement period from 2013 to 2016, and a rapid slowdown period from 2017 to 2020. During these periods, the average amount of land subsidence dropped by 37%, and the area of severe subsidence decreased by 67%. The changes in subsidence were closely related to the amount of groundwater extraction. As of 2020, five severe subsidence areas are concentrated in the southwest of Tianjin, with a distribution range that is similar to the groundwater funnel of the deep water-bearing group.
- land subsidence /
- severe subsidence area /
- groundwater exploitation /
- prevention measures

HTML全文

图 1 天津市年平均沉降量及沉降严重区面积变化趋势图

Figure 1. Time-history curve of annual average subsidence and changes in severe subsidence zone area in Tianjin from 2010 to 2020

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 天津市平原区地面沉降情况对比图

Figure 2. Comparison of land subsidence distribution in the plain area of Tianjin

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图 3 天津市各区地面沉降严重区面积变化趋势图

Figure 3. Time-history curve of areas with severe land subsidence in Tianjin from 2010 to 2020

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 天津市第Ⅱ含水组水位等值线图

注：据2013、2016、2019年《天津市水资源公报》。

Figure 4. Groundwater level contour map of the second water-bearing group in Tianjin

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图 5 天津市第Ⅲ含水组水位等值线图

注：据2013、2016、2019年《天津市水资源公报》。

Figure 5. Groundwater level contour map of the third water-bearing group in Tianjin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 天津市深部含水组地下水位漏斗面积变化趋势图（2010—2020年）

Figure 6. Time-history curve of groundwater level drop funnel area in deep water-bearing group of Tianjin from 2010 to 2020

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 天津市深层地下水开采量变化趋势图（2010—2020年）

Figure 7. Time-history curve of deep groundwater exploitation quantity in Tianjin from 2010 to 2020

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 沉降严重区内某观测井水位及沉降动态曲线图

Figure 8. Changes of ground water level and land subsidence of an observation well in severe land subsidence area in Tianjin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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