Monitoring and analyzing the development trend of land subsidence in Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province
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摘要: 地面沉降是常州市区主要地质灾害之一，也是制约常州城市经济发展的重要环境地质问题。为了厘清常州市区地面沉降态势，提升灾害防治能力，文章优化形成了集一等水准测量、GPS-InSAR监测、基岩标和分层标、光纤监测孔等多种监测技术方法，点-线-面相结合的常州市地面沉降立体监测网络，有效提升了常州市区地面沉降监测的精度及可靠性。基于常州城市地质调查成果，系统归纳了近几十年常州市区地面沉降发展历程。利用建成的多方法地面沉降监测网络获取的沉降变形数据，得出常州市区地面沉降总体现状及发展趋势、重点沉降区分布、主要沉降层位及成因机理等，最终提出常州市区地面沉降防治建议，为以后城市地质调查工作中地面沉降监测与防控工作提供参考。Abstract: Land subsidence is one of the main geological hazards in the urban area of Changzhou City, and it is also an important environmental geological issue that restricts the economic development of Changzhou City. To improve disaster prevention and mitigation, a three-dimensional monitoring network of land subsidence, which combines point-line-surface methods, has been established. This network utilizes various monitoring technologies such as In-SAR monitoring, GPS monitoring, primary level measurement, bedrock standard and layered standard, optical fiber monitoring hole, etc. The monitoring network has significantly enhanced the accuracy and reliability of land subsidence monitoring in Changzhou. Based on the results of the urban geological survey in Changzhou, the development process of land subsidence in recent decades has been systematically summarized. Using the subsidence deformation data obtained by the established multi-method monitoring network, the development trend of land subsidence in the urban area of Changzhou, the distribution of key subsidence areas, and the main subsidence layers and causation mechanism have been determined. Finally, suggestions for land subsidence prevention and control in Changzhou City have been proposed, providing a reference for future land subsidence monitoring and prevention and control work in urban geological surveying.
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Key words:
- land subsidence /
- monitoring method system /
- prevention suggestions /
- urban geology
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图 1 常州市地面沉降及地下水位历史演化
Figure 1. Historical evolution of land subsidence and groundwater level in Changzhou City
图 2 常州市地面沉降监测工作部署图
Figure 2. Field work deployment map of land subsidence monitoring in Changzhou City
图 3 金坛盐穴腔体沉降变形监测传感器布设示意图
Figure 3. Schematic view of sensors for settlement deformation monitoring at Jintan salt caverns
图 4 常州市InSAR监测地面沉降速率图（2019年）
注：形变负值表示地面沉降。
Figure 4. InSAR monitoring land subsidence rate map of Changzhou City (2019)
图 6 常州南北向水准监测数据（2013—2019年）
注：形变负值表示沉降。
Figure 6. Annual settlement deformation leveling data for north-south direction in Changzhou City from 2013 to 2019
图 7 常州儒林镇地面沉降演化（InSAR）
注：形变量负值表示沉降。
Figure 7. Evolution of land subsidence in Rulin Town, Changzhou City (InSAR)
图 8 儒林Ⅱ承压水位埋深与沉降分布图
Figure 8. Distribution map of settlement deformation and water level in Rulin Town, Changzhou City
图 9 盐矿区InSAR监测地面沉降速率图（2017年）
Figure 9. Land subsidence rate monitored by InSAR at salt mine area (2017)
图 10 盐矿区采盐井沉降演化
Figure 10. Sedimentation evolution at monitoring leveling points in salt mine area
图 12 清凉小学分层标累计沉降情况
Figure 12. The cumulative settlement of layerwise mark of Qingliang primary school
图 13 常州市清凉小学分层标回弹情况
注：回弹量为负值表示沉降。
Figure 13. Stratified standard rebound of layered marks at Qingliang primary school
表 1 1984—2020年土层累计压缩/回弹量统计表
Table 1. Summary table of cumulative soil compression/ rebound measurements from 1984 to 2020
地层层段 1984—2004年累计
压缩量/mm分层沉降
占比/%2004—2020年累计
回弹量/mm分层回弹
占比/%0～39 m 16.57 2.48 0 0 39～92 m 365.58 54.77 35 46.7 92～109 m 79.11 11.84 22 29.3 109 m 206.90 30.91 18 24.0 累计沉降 668.00 100.00 75 100.0 
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