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基于AHP-3DEC的危岩落石危险性分区与评价

石润 李嘉雨 陈明浩 贾哲强 邱晓东

石润,李嘉雨,陈明浩,等. 基于AHP-3DEC的危岩落石危险性分区与评价[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2023,34(0): 1-10 doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202203020
引用本文: 石润,李嘉雨,陈明浩,等. 基于AHP-3DEC的危岩落石危险性分区与评价[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2023,34(0): 1-10 doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202203020
SHI Run,LI Jiayu,CHEN Minghao,et al. Hazard Zoning and Assessment of Rockfalls Based on AHP-3DEC[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2023,34(0): 1-10 doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202203020
Citation: SHI Run,LI Jiayu,CHEN Minghao,et al. Hazard Zoning and Assessment of Rockfalls Based on AHP-3DEC[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2023,34(0): 1-10 doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202203020

基于AHP-3DEC的危岩落石危险性分区与评价

doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202203020
基金项目: 中国国家铁路集团有限公司 科技研究开发计划(N2021G005);中铁二院科技开发计划项目(KDNQ21303)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    石润:石 润(1998-),男,贵州铜仁人,工学学士,研究方向为市政工程和桥梁隧道工程。E-mail: 1450874914@ qq.com

    通讯作者:

    李嘉雨(1990-),男,重庆长寿人,工程师,博士研究生,研究方向为铁道工程和地质工程。E-mail: 1245962984@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: 中图分类号: 文献标志码: 文章编号:

Hazard Zoning and Assessment of Rockfalls Based on AHP-3DEC

  • 摘要: 山区高速铁路受线路平顺性及地形的限制,部分危岩发育地段无法绕避,给工程建设及运营安全提出了严峻挑战。本文在无人机三维倾斜摄影的基础上利用数字地质调绘技术对拟建济南至枣庄铁路杏花峪隧道进口危岩体的发育特征、规模、变形破坏模式进行了准确的判识,通过将3DEC数值模拟与层次分析法结合,获得了崩塌落石的影响范围和危险性分区图,开展了危险性分区评价,提出了防治措施。研究表明:三维倾斜摄影模型识别出的12处危岩带中,只有5号危岩带威胁隧道洞口和桥台安全,并建议采用“被动防护网+明洞”方式进行综合防治。研究成果为危岩落石灾害的危险性分区评价提供参考,为铁路选线及防灾减灾提供依据。
  • 图  1  杏花峪隧道进口三维实景模型

    Figure  1.  3D model of xinghuayu tunnel entrance

    图  2  危岩落石分布情况工程地质平面图

    Figure  2.  Plan of engineering geology of rockfall

    图  3  危岩带三维实景影像

    Figure  3.  Image of rockfalls

    图  4  危岩体优势结构面走向分布图

    Figure  4.  Dominant structural plane of rockfall

    图  5  危岩体优势节理面玫瑰花图(下半球)

    Figure  5.  Dominant structural plane of rockfall

    图  6  3号危岩体典型工程地质剖面图

    Figure  6.  Typical engineering geological section of no.3 rockfall

    图  7  6号危岩体典型工程地质剖面图

    Figure  7.  Typical engineering geological section of no.6 rockfall

    图  8  8号危岩体典型工程地质剖面图

    Figure  8.  Typical engineering geological section of no.8 rockfall

    图  9  杏花峪隧道进口危岩带三维地质模型

    Figure  9.  Three-dimensional geological model of rockfall at Xinghuayu tunnel entrance

    图  10  危岩带天然状态下的变形量

    Figure  10.  Deformation of Rockfall under natural condition

    图  11  危岩带暴雨状态下数值模拟计算结果

    Figure  11.  Numerical simulation results of rockfall under rainstorm condition

    图  12  危岩带暴雨状态下的位移量计算结果

    Figure  12.  Displacement calculation results of rockfall under rainstorm condition

    图  13  危险性分区云图

    Figure  13.  Cloud map of hazard zone

    表  1  危岩带基本特征

    Table  1.   Basic characteristics and scale of rockfall

    分带编号危岩体体积(m³)落石块径(m)相对高度(m)破坏模式
    WY-0112.120.2~1.1244~48滑移式
    WY-039600.4~1.30~10坠落式
    WY-041.40.5114滑移式
    WY-0573.20.3~1.35坠落式
    WY-067360.8~4.3121~146倾倒式
    WY-071 6000.2~2.2109~149倾倒式
    WY-081 8230.14~2.12156~198倾倒式、滑移式
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  结构面基本特征

    Table  2.   Basic characteristics of joint surface

    结构面编号产状延伸长度
    (m)
    间距
    (m)
    起伏度张开或
    闭合
    充填情况
    1号原生
    结构面
    246°∠78°3.240.86平直张开无充填
    2号节理面66°∠88°2.661.72波状起伏张开无充填
    3号节理面314°∠30°4.561.75平直张开充填
    4号节理面155°∠80°1.320.35波状起伏闭合无充填
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  危岩体稳定性计算结果

    Table  3.   Stability calculation results of rockfall

    工况危岩编号天然工况暴雨工况地震工况
    K稳定性评价K稳定性评价K稳定性评价
    1号危岩体1.23基本稳定1.19欠稳定0.99不稳定
    3号危岩体1.31基本稳定1.22欠稳定1.06欠稳定
    4号危岩体1.15欠稳定1.14欠稳定0.94不稳定
    5号危岩体1.24欠稳定1.08欠稳定0.86不稳定
    6号危岩体1.23基本稳定1.02欠稳定0.94不稳定
    7号危岩体1.61稳定1.08欠稳定0.73不稳定
    8号危岩体1.07欠稳定0.99不稳定0.77不稳定
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  模型计算参数统计表

    Table  4.   Model calculation parameter

    岩土体名称密度
    /(g·cm−3
    弹性模量
    /MPa
    剪切模量
    /MPa
    抗拉强度
    /MPa
    内摩擦角
    /(°)
    花岗岩2.758 00029 0003.265
    花岗岩W3结构面(天然)////50
    花岗岩W3结构面(暴雨)////30
    花岗岩碎块石(暴雨)////20
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  评价指标打分表及权重值

    Table  5.   Evaluation index score and weight value

    评价指标(i低危险性0~25(S中危险性25~50(S高危险性50~75(S极高危险性75~100(S权重值(δ
    危岩稳定性K稳定基本稳定欠稳定不稳定0.402
    落石运动速度S(m/s)S<0.50.5≤S<55≤S<1515≤S0.235
    落石数量N(个)00≤N<33≤N<55≤N0.146
    危岩体体积V(m3V≤1010<V≤100100<V≤10 00010 000<V0.083
    落石块径D(m)<0.10.1≤D<0.50.5≤D<11≤D0.083
    下垫面特征松散土质,
    植被极茂盛
    较中等密实的土质,
    植被较茂盛
    较密实坚硬的土质,
    有植被
    坚硬岩质,
    植被稀少
    0.051
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  综合评分值与危险性分区的对应关系

    Table  6.   The corresponding relationship between comprehensive score value and hazard zone

    危险性分区
    及综合
    评分值F
    极高危险区
    75<F≤100
    高危险区
    50<F≤75
    中危险区
    25<F≤50
    低危险区
    0<F≤25
    危岩编号3、5、6、7、8号1、4号
    下载: 导出CSV
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