Influences of stone content on stability of gravel soil slope based on DIC analysis
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摘要: 为了研究含石量对碎石土边坡稳定性的影响，对不同含石量的边坡进行了模型试验。模型试验中结合数字图像关联技术DIC，分析了边坡全场和局部场的土体变形。研究发现含石量对碎石土边坡的承载力和变形特性具有显著的控制效果，并且根据极限承载力发现含石量存在两个阈值，分别为20%和70%。对局部土体的变形规律和碎石的运动行为进行分析，发现在剪切过程中，局部土体出现剪胀效应，剪切带内孔隙率会明显增加。通过对局部土体中碎石及其周边砂颗粒的追踪，发现碎石会影响剪切带的发展，从而总结出5种剪切带绕石模式：单边绕石模式、分叉模式、穿石和分叉复合模式、分叉和单边绕石及穿石复合模式、单边绕石和穿石复合模式。研究成果可为进一步了解碎石土边坡失稳的内在机理提供相关参考。Abstract: To study the influence of stone content on the stability of gravel soil slopes, static overload tests were carried out on slopes with different stone contents. By combining model tests combined with digital image correlation （DIC） technology, the deformation of the soil body in both the whole field and local field of the slope was analyzed. The findings indicated that the stone content had a significant controlling effect on the bearing capacity and deformation characteristics of gravel soil slope, and two threshold values of stone content, i.e. 20% and 70% were found based on the ultimate bearing capacity. Further analysis was conducted at the meso-scale to understand the deformation behaviour of local soil and the movement of gravel during the shearing process. The local soil was found to exhibit the shear dilatancy effect, resulting in a significant increase in porosity in the shear zone. By tracing the movement of gravel and its surrounding sand particles in the local soil, it was found that the gravel can affect the development of shear zone, and five modes of shear zone surrounding stone were summarized: unilateral rock bypass mode, bifurcation mode, crossing rock and bifurcation composite mode, bifurcation and unilateral rock bypass and crossing rock composite mode, and unilateral rock bypass and crossing rock composite mode. The research results provided a reference for further understanding the inherent mechanism of gravel soil slope instability.
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Keywords:
- digital image correlation technology /
- stone content /
- model test /
- gravel soil /
- porosity
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图 4 不同含石量边坡的P-s曲线和极限承载力
Figure 4. P-s curves and ultimate bearing capacity curves of the slopes with different stone contents
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图 5 不同含石量边坡位移矢量增量
Figure 5. Displacement vector increment of slope with different stone content
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图 6 不同含石量边坡土体包络线
Figure 6. Displacement envelope of slope with different stone content
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图 7 不同含石量边坡剪应变增量云图
Figure 7. Cloud diagram of shear strain increment of slope with different stone content
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图 8 局部场一和局部场二位置示意图（单位：mm）
Figure 8. Location map of the local field I and local field II (unit: mm)
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图 12 不同时刻颗粒的位移和旋转
Figure 12. Displacement and rotation of particles at different moments
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图 13 局部位置剪切带绕石示意图
Figure 13. Schematic diagram of shear zone around stone in local field position
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图 14 局部场不同区域孔隙率时程曲线
Figure 14. Time history curves of porosity in different regions of the local field
表 1 不同含石量碎石土边坡总时间（T）
Table 1 Time of gravel soil slope with different stone contents
含石量/% T/s 含石量/% T/s 0 150 50 535 10 189 60 624 20 224 70 700 30 295 80 715 40 426 
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表 2 颗粒位移和旋转角度
Table 2 Summary table of the particle displacement and rotation angle
颗粒 水平位移/mm 竖直位移/mm 旋转角度/（°） 颗粒 水平位移/mm 竖直位移/mm 旋转角度/（°） 碎石1 3.87 5.17 16 砂颗粒10 2.75 8.25 −36 碎石2 1.75 3.01 1 砂颗粒11 1.78 5.93 −20 砂颗粒1 7.88 8.54 122 砂颗粒12 2.84 7.40 −25 砂颗粒2 8.90 7.30 110 砂颗粒13 2.04 7.20 −94 砂颗粒3 10.19 5.68 90 砂颗粒14 5.55 4.69 −80 砂颗粒4 9.41 6.94 114 砂颗粒15 4.69 4.28 117 砂颗粒5 9.25 5.98 50 砂颗粒16 5.41 4.62 56 砂颗粒6 8.39 4.31 52 砂颗粒17 2.41 3.91 77 砂颗粒7 5.74 7.67 22 砂颗粒18 2.14 6.35 −22 砂颗粒8 4.26 4.5 160 砂颗粒19 3.31 4.24 30 砂颗粒9 7.23 1.71 10 砂颗粒20 2.70 3.92 −45
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