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基于量化因子的地质灾害易发性评价

张复金 徐曙林 王平 蔡诚 陈怡

张复金,徐曙林,王平,等. 基于量化因子的地质灾害易发性评价−以重庆市綦江区为例[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2023,34(3): 1-9 doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202203042
引用本文: 张复金,徐曙林,王平,等. 基于量化因子的地质灾害易发性评价−以重庆市綦江区为例[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2023,34(3): 1-9 doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202203042
ZHANG Fujin,XU Shulin,WANG Ping,et al. Susceptibility assessment of geological hazards based on susceptibility quantitative factors: A case study in Qijiang District, Chongqing City[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2023,34(3): 1-9 doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202203042
Citation: ZHANG Fujin,XU Shulin,WANG Ping,et al. Susceptibility assessment of geological hazards based on susceptibility quantitative factors: A case study in Qijiang District, Chongqing City[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2023,34(3): 1-9 doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202203042

基于量化因子的地质灾害易发性评价

doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202203042
详细信息
    作者简介:

    张复金(1979-),男,江苏丹阳人,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事地质灾害风险研究等工作。E-mail:25204504@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    徐曙林(1980-),男,江苏泰兴人,学士,高级工程师,主要从事地质灾害防治、矿产资源管理和土地矿产执法等工作。E-mail:23135248@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: P642.22

Susceptibility assessment of geological hazards based on susceptibility quantitative factors: A case study in Qijiang District, Chongqing City

  • 摘要: 綦江区是重庆市地质灾害高发区域,本研究以綦江区为研究区,根据区内地形地貌、地质构造并结合DM数据,提取了斜坡单元内的斜坡结构、坡度、地灾点密度、工程地质岩组、距水系距离、岩层倾角和地质构造共7项主要致灾因子,进行量化分析并结合地质灾害野外现场核查和修正其各因子权重和分级赋值后,采用层次分析法进行斜坡单元地质灾害易发性评价,探索建立适合綦江区的地质灾害易发性评价体系。
  • 图  1  綦江区地质灾害分布图

    Figure  1.  Distribution map of geological hazards in Qijiang District

    图  2  研究区各评价因子分级图

    Figure  2.  Classification chart of each evaluation factor in the study area

    图  3  綦江区地质灾害易发性分区图

    Figure  3.  Zoning map of geological disaster susceptibility assessment in Qijiang District

    表  1  斜坡结构因子易发性量化指标

    Table  1.   Quantitative index of susceptibility factor of slope structure

    地灾
    类型
    斜坡
    结构
    分级面积比地灾面积
    占比
    易发性指标
    滑坡
    数据
    近水平0.060.01−1.80
    顺向坡0.170.561.20
    斜向坡0.310.17−0.60
    横向坡0.300.20−0.40
    逆向坡0.160.06−1.00
    崩塌
    数据
    近水平0.060.004−2.78
    顺向坡0.170.105−0.47
    斜向坡0.310.3400.09
    横向坡0.300.202−0.39
    逆向坡0.160.3490.76
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  孕灾体点密度因子易发性量化指标

    Table  2.   Quantitative index of susceptibility factor of the point density of the disaster-pregnant body

    地灾
    类型
    斜坡
    结构
    分级面积比地灾面积
    占比
    易发性指标
    滑坡
    数据
    <0.20.470.14−1.33
    [0.2, 0.4)0.340.30−0.24
    [0.4, 0.6)0.110.240.61
    [0.6, 0.8)0.060.241.35
    [0.8, 1.0]0.020.081.47
    崩塌
    数据
    <0.20.470.490.30
    [0.2, 0.4)0.340.960.59
    [0.4, 0.6)0.110.050.03
    [0.6, 0.8)0.060.090.05
    [0.8, 1.0]0.020.050.03
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  工程地质岩组因子易发性量化指标

    Table  3.   Quantitative index of susceptibility factor of engineering geological lithology

    地灾
    类型
    地质
    岩组
    主要岩性分级面
    积比
    地灾面积
    占比
    易发性
    指标
    滑坡
    数据
    1灰岩、白云岩0.020.014−0.49
    2含泥质灰岩0.010.004−1.22
    1泥岩、砂岩0.170.1750.08
    2砂岩夹页岩0.630.7610.20
    3厚层状砂岩0.030.013−0.80
    1泥灰岩夹粉砂岩、页岩0.020.0300.52
    2灰岩夹页岩0.100.001−4.55
    3页岩与灰岩0.020.002−2.40
    崩塌
    数据
    1灰岩、白云岩0.020.1872.07
    2含泥质灰岩0.010.007−0.69
    1泥岩、砂岩0.170.040−1.40
    2砂岩夹页岩0.630.491−0.24
    3厚层状砂岩0.03//
    1泥灰岩夹粉砂岩、页岩0.020.002−1.92
    2灰岩夹页岩0.100.2731.05
    3页岩与灰岩0.02//
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  坡度因子易发性量化指标

    Table  4.   Quantitative index of susceptibility factor of slope gradient

    地灾类型坡度/(°)分级面积比地灾面积占比易发性指标
    滑坡
    数据
    <100.21990.161−0.31
    [10, 20)0.39690.4820.20
    [20, 30)0.25300.2980.16
    [30, 40)0.09490.051−0.61
    [40, 50)0.02640.007−1.38
    [50, 60)0.00670.001−1.62
    [60, 70)0.0017//
    >700.0005//
    崩塌
    数据
    <100.21990.015−2.65
    [10, 20)0.39690.090−1.48
    [20, 30)0.25300.203−0.22
    [30, 40)0.09490.2731.07
    [40, 50)0.02640.2312.19
    [50, 60)0.00670.1293.02
    [60, 70)0.00170.0573.78
    >700.00050.0023.11
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  距水系距离因子易发性量化指标

    Table  5.   Quantitative index of susceptibility factor of distance from water system

    地灾
    类型
    距水系
    距离/km
    分级面积比
    地灾面积占比
    易发性
    指标
    滑坡
    数据
    <0.20.330.6120.64
    [0.2, 0.4)0.260.176−0.39
    [0.4, 0.6)0.180.124−0.38
    [0.6, 0.8)0.120.068−0.57
    [0.8, 1)0.060.019−1.16
    ≥1.00.050.001−4.35
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  岩层倾角因子易发性量化指标

    Table  6.   Quantitative index of susceptibility factor of inclination angle of rock strata

    地灾
    类型
    岩层
    倾角/(°)
    分区面
    积比
    地灾面积
    占比
    易发性
    指标
    滑坡
    数据
    <100.1910.2250.18
    [10, 20)0.4550.409−0.09
    [20, 30)0.2160.3430.48
    [30, 40)0.0810.015−1.70
    [40, 50)0.0380.005−2.06
    [50, 60)0.0150.002−1.86
    [60, 70)0.003//
    >700.0010.001−0.47
    崩塌
    数据
    <100.1910.42140.81
    [10, 20)0.4550.1483−1.10
    [20, 30)0.2160.34210.48
    [30, 40)0.0810.0666−0.18
    [40, 50)0.0380.0210−0.59
    [50, 60)0.015//
    [60, 70)0.0030.0006−1.83
    >700.001//
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  7  地质构造因子易发性量化指标

    Table  7.   Quantitative index of susceptibility factor of geological structure

    地灾
    类型
    距断层
    距离/km
    分区面
    积比
    地灾面积
    占比
    易发性
    指标
    滑坡
    数据
    (0, 0.5]0.0840.1390.51
    (0.5, 1]0.0790.0790.01
    (1, 1.5]0.0760.0410.63
    (1.5, 2]0.0750.0680.08
    (2, 2.5]0.0730.0560.26
    (2.5, 3]0.0680.0850.23
    (3, 3.5]0.0630.023−0.99
    (3.5, 4]0.0540.015−1.30
    (4, 4.5]0.0450.017−0.95
    (4.5, 5]0.0380.018−1.77
    >50.3450.459−0.29
    崩塌
    数据
    (0, 0.5]0.0840.0720.09
    (0.5, 1]0.0790.1330.76
    (1, 1.5]0.0760.0690.14
    (1.5, 2]0.0750.0610.04
    (2, 2.5]0.0730.003−3.00
    (2.5, 3]0.0680.228−1.86
    (3, 3.5]0.0630.134−1.99
    (3.5, 4]0.0540.088−1.71
    (4, 4.5]0.0450.105−1.09
    (4.5, 5]0.0380.004−1.90
    >50.3450.103−0.97
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  8  滑坡影响因素分级层次分析法权重取值表

    Table  8.   The weighted value table of the hierarchical analysis for landslide influencing factors

    滑坡评价
    因子
    权重因子
    分级
    易发性指标
    易发性指标归一化
    斜坡
    结构
    0.20近水平−1.800.00
    顺向坡1.200.47
    斜向坡−0.600.19
    横向坡−0.400.22
    逆向坡−1.000.13
    地灾点密度0.17<0.2−1.330.00
    [0.2, 0.4)−0.240.11
    [0.4, 0.6)0.610.22
    [0.6, 0.8)1.350.33
    [0.8, 1.0)1.470.34
    工程地质岩组0.151−0.490.15
    2−1.220.12
    10.080.17
    20.200.17
    3−0.800.14
    10.520.18
    2−4.550.00
    3−2.400.08
    坡度
    /(°)
    0.20(0, 10]−0.310.21
    (10, 20]0.200.30
    (20, 30]0.160.29
    (30, 40]−0.610.16
    (40, 50]−1.380.04
    (50, 60]−1.620.00
    (60, 70]//
    >70//
    距水系距离
    /km
    0.15<0.20.640.25
    [0.2, 0.4)−0.390.20
    [0.4. 0.6)−0.380.20
    [0.6, 0.8)−0.570.19
    [0.8, 1.0)−1.160.16
    ≥1.0−4.350.00
    岩层
    倾角
    /(°)
    0.08(0, 10]0.180.25
    (10, 20]−0.090.22
    (20, 30]0.480.29
    (30, 40]−1.700.04
    (40, 50]−2.060.00
    (50, 60]−1.860.02
    (60, 70]//
    >70−0.470.18
    距断层距离
    /km
    0.05(0, 0.5]0.510.17
    (0.5, 1]0.010.13
    (1, 1.5]−0.630.06
    (1.5, 2]−0.080.12
    (2, 2.5]−0.260.10
    (2.5, 3]0.230.15
    (3, 3.5]−0.990.03
    (3.5, 4]−1.300.00
    (4, 4.5]−0.950.03
    (4.5, 5]−0.770.05
    >50.290.15
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  9  崩塌影响因素分级层次分析法权重取值表

    Table  9.   The weighted value table of the hierarchical analysis for the collapse influencing factors

    崩塌评价
    因子
    权重
    因子
    分级
    易发性指标
    易发性指标归一化
    斜坡结构0.20近水平−2.780.00
    顺向坡−0.470.21
    斜向坡0.090.26
    横向坡−0.390.22
    逆向坡0.760.32
    地灾点密度0.15<0.20.300.23
    [0.2, 0.4)0.590.45
    [0.4, 0.6)0.030.02
    [0.6, 0.8)0.050.04
    [0.8, 1.0]0.030.02
    >1.00.300.23
    工程地质
    岩组
    0.2012.070.38
    2−0.690.12
    1−1.400.05
    2−0.240.16
    3
    1−1.920.00
    21.050.29
    3
    坡度
    /(°)
    0.30(0, 10]−2.650.00
    (10, 20]−1.480.04
    (20, 30]−0.220.08
    (30, 40]1.070.12
    (40, 50]2.190.16
    (50, 60]3.020.19
    (60, 70]3.780.21
    >703.110.19
    岩层
    倾角
    /(°)
    0.05(0, 10]0.810.31
    (10, 20]−1.100.09
    (20, 30]0.480.27
    (30, 40]−0.180.19
    (40, 50]−0.590.14
    (50, 60]
    (60, 70]−1.830
    >70
    距断层距离
    /km
    0.10(0, 0.5]0.090.10
    (0.5, 1]0.760.12
    (1, 1.5]0.140.10
    (1.5, 2]0.040.10
    (2, 2.5]−3.000.00
    (2.5, 3]−0.860.07
    (3, 3.5]0.990.13
    (3.5, 4]0.710.12
    (4, 4.5]1.090.14
    (4.5, 5]−1.900.04
    >5−0.970.07
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  10  地质灾害易发性分区统计表

    Table  10.   Statistical table of geological disaster susceptibility zones

    易发性等级高易发区中易发区低易发区非易发区
    斜坡面积/km2519.991021.29598.9347.27
    占比/%23.7746.6927.382.16
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  11  近年来灾(险)情易发性统计表

    Table  11.   Statistical table of geological disasters (hazards) susceptibility in recent years

    易发分区地灾点数量/个占比/%
    高易发区3058.82
    中易发区1733.33
    低易发区47.85
    非易发区00
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-03-28
  • 修回日期:  2022-04-28
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