抚顺西露天矿弱层强度衰减特性及边坡滑移大变形规律

陶泽; 孙闯; 金淳哲; 刘晓龙; 李东

doi:10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202205016

抚顺西露天矿弱层强度衰减特性及边坡滑移大变形规律

doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202205016

辽宁工程技术大学土木工程学院，辽宁阜新　123000

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC1503101）

详细信息

作者简介:
陶泽：陶　泽（1996-），男，硕士，主要从事岩土力学数值模拟方面的研究工作。E-mail：2627137567@qq.com

通讯作者:
孙　闯（1983-），男，博士，教授，主要从事岩石力学试验与数值计算方面的研究工作。E-mail：sunchuang88@163.com

中图分类号: P642.22
计量
- 文章访问数: 919
- HTML全文浏览量: 314
- PDF下载量: 40
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-13
- 修回日期: 2022-07-23
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-26

Characteristics of strength reduction in the weak layer and large-slip displacement of the cut slope on the Fushun west open-pit mining area

School of Civil Engineering, Liaoning University of Engineering and Technology, Fuxin , Liaoning　123000, China

摘要

摘要: 软弱夹层的强度衰减特性是顺层岩质边坡失稳的关键因素之一。选取抚顺西露天矿南帮边坡为研究对象，通过UDEC数值模拟方法，结合离散元理论，建立南帮顺层边坡二维离散元模型，开展南帮边坡弱层强度衰减特性及滑坡大变形规律研究。通过不同围压下的三轴试验，拟合得到弱层残余强度随时间衰减曲线，并通过FISH语言实现数值计算过程中弱层强度随拟合方程进行衰减。数值模拟结果表明：坡脚处最先产生变形，随着开挖的不断进行，弱层强度逐渐衰减，坡顶后缘被拉裂，原有应力平衡被破坏，滑坡体沿弱层产生滑动。通过建立回填数值模型进行边坡稳定性得知，采取压脚回填100 m以后，边坡稳定系数得到了明显的提高，边坡处于基本稳定状态。
- 顺层边坡 /
- 数值模拟 /
- 离散元 /
- 软弱夹层 /
- 应变软化
Abstract: The strength attenuation characteristics of the weak interlayers are one of the key factors leading to instability of the bedding rock slopes. In this study, the Nanbang slope of Fushun West Open-pit Mine was selected as the research object. A two-dimensional discrete element model of the Nanbang bedding slope was established using the UDEC numerical simulation method in combination with the discrete element theory, and the strength attenuation characteristics and large deformation law of the weak layer were studied. The residual strength decay curve of the weak layer over time was obtained by fitting the results of triaxial tests conducted under different confining pressures, and the FISH language was used to implement the attenuation of weak layer strength during numerical calculations according to the fitting equation. The numerical simulation results showed that deformation first occurred at the toe of the slope. As excavation continued, the strength of the weak layer gradually decreased, resulting in the trailing edge of the slope top being pulled apart, and the original stress balance being destroyed. Eventually, the landslide body slides along the weak layer. By establishing a backfilling numerical model for slope stability, it was found that after backfilling with a presser foot for 100m, the slope stability coefficient had significantly improved, and the slope was in a basically stable state.
- layered slope /
- numerical simulation /
- discrete element /
- weak interlayer /
- Strain softened

HTML全文

图 1 抚顺西露天矿全景图

Figure 1. Aerial panoramic view of Fushun west open-pit mine

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 GDS高精度软岩流变仪

Figure 2. GDS high precision soft rock rheometer

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 千台山滑坡裂缝

Figure 3. Development of landslide cracks in Qiantai Mountain

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 岩石试样

Figure 4. Rock samples

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 常规三轴压缩试验破坏岩样

Figure 5. Damaged rock samples in conventional triaxial compression test

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同围压下应力应变曲线

Figure 6. Stress-strain relationship curves under different confining pressures

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 峰值强度与残余强度拟合曲线

Figure 7. Fitting curve of peak and residual intensities

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 岩石峰后变形简化曲线

Figure 8. Simplified curve of post-peak deformation of rocks

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 E400剖面数值模型

Figure 9. Numerical Model of cross-section diagram for E400 Section

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 各级开挖变形图

Figure 10. Deformation diagram for each level of excavation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 南帮回填数值模型

Figure 11. Numerical model of cross-section diagram for Nanbang backfilling

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 南帮回填位移图

Figure 12. Displacement diagram of Nanbang backfill

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 弱层强度拟合参数

Table 1. Fitting parameters for weak layer strength

目标参数	a	b	c	R²
残余强度	0.15736	0.81446	0.6931	0.99969
峰值强度	0.17003	0.34714	4.89517	0.99155

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 岩体力学参数

Table 2. Summary table of rock mechanical parameters

岩性	密度 /（kg.m⁻³）	弹性模量 /GPa	泊松比	抗剪断强度
岩性	密度 /（kg.m⁻³）	弹性模量 /GPa	泊松比	内摩擦角	黏聚力/MPa
玄武岩	2800	7	0.14	42	0.3
花岗片麻岩	2800	8	0.2	45	0.4
弱层	2300	0.1	0.4	16.9	0.075
煤层	1300	1.2	0.24	35	0.14
油母页岩	2300	3.4	0.26	35	0.2
断层	2300	0.1	0.4	16.9	0.075
杂填土	1800	0.1	0.4	18	0.1
凝灰岩	2600	8	0.25	39	0.25

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 节理力学参数

Table 3. Summary table of joint mechanical parameters

岩性	刚度参数		抗剪断强度
岩性	法向刚度 /（GP·am⁻¹）	切向刚度 /（GPa·m⁻¹）	节理面摩擦角	节理面黏聚力 /kPa
玄武岩	3.33	3.33	25	90
花岗片麻岩	5.93	5.93	45	150
弱层	1.81	1.81	20	10
煤层	2.43	2.43	25	40
油母页岩	2.77	2.77	25	40
断层	1.81	1.81	20	10
凝灰岩	3.67	3.67	28	100

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 滑坡稳定状态划分

Table 4. Division of landslide stable state

滑坡稳定系数	F<1.00	1.00≤F<1.05	1.05≤F<1.15	F≥1.15
滑坡稳定状态	不稳定	欠稳定	基本稳定	稳定

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(25)

[1]	邹宗兴,唐辉明,熊承仁,等. 大型顺层岩质滑坡渐进破坏地质力学模型与稳定性分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(11):2222 − 2231. [ZOU Zongxing,TANG Huiming,XIONG Chengren,et al. Geomechanical model of progressive failure for large consequent bedding rockslide and its stability analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(11):2222 − 2231. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]	张泽林,王涛,吴树仁,等. 泥岩中软弱夹层的剪切力学特性研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2021,40(4):713 − 724. [ZHANG Zelin,WANG Tao,WU Shuren,et al. Study on shear mechanical properties of mudstone with weak intercalation[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2021,40(4):713 − 724. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]	SLOAN S W. Geotechnical stability analysis[J]. Géotechnique,2013,63(7):531 − 571.
[4]	孔祥曌,李滨,贺凯,等. 柱状岩体崩塌动力特征与破碎规律—以重庆甑子岩崩塌为例[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2022,33(5):1 − 10. [KONG Xiangzhao, LI Bin, HE Kai, et al. Dynamic characteristics and fragmentation evolution of columnar rockfall: A case study of the Zengziyan rockfall in Chongqing, China[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2022,33(5):1 − 10. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[5]	张家勇,邹银先,杨大山. 基于PFC3D的鱼鳅坡滑坡运动过程分析[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2021,32(4):33 − 39. [ZHANG Jiayong,ZOU Yinxian,YANG Dashan. Analysis of Yuqiupo landslide motion process based on PFC3D[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2021,32(4):33 − 39. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]	成浩,韩培锋,苏有文. 含石量和坡度对土石混合体崩塌运动规律的影响[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2020,31(4):11 − 23. [CHENG Hao,HAN Peifeng,SU Youwen. Influence of rock content and slope on collapse in soil-rock accumulation[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2020,31(4):11 − 23. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[7]	宋子岭,杨添,赵立春. 含多层软弱夹层的顺向岩质边坡稳定性评价方法对比分析[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2016,27(2):20 − 25. [SONG Ziling,YANG Tian,ZHAO Lichun. Applicatyion of combination algorithm in stability analysis of rock slope with contains multilayer weak bedrock layers[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2016,27(2):20 − 25. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]	XUE Demin,LI Tianbin,ZHANG Shuai,et al. Failure mechanism and stabilization of a basalt rock slide with weak layers[J]. Engineering Geology,2018,233:213 − 224. doi: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2017.12.005
[9]	张社荣,谭尧升,王超,等. 多层软弱夹层边坡岩体破坏机制与稳定性研究[J]. 岩土力学,2014,35(6):1695 − 1702. [ZHANG Sherong,TAN Yaosheng,WANG Chao,et al. Research on deformation failure mechanism and stability of slope rock mass containing multi-weak interlayers[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(6):1695 − 1702. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]	LI Jinglong,ZHANG Bo,SUI Bin. Stability analysis of rock slope with multilayer weak interlayer[J]. Advances in Civil Engineering,2021,2021:1 − 9.
[11]	TAN Xin,REN Yakun,LI Tenglong,et al. In-situ direct shear test and numerical simulation of slate structural planes with thick muddy interlayer along bedding slope[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2021,143:104791. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2021.104791
[12]	ZHENG Qingsong,LIU Enlong,YU Di,et al. Fatigue and damage properties of non-consecutive jointed mudstone samples subjected to cyclic triaxial loading[J]. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2020,79(5):2467 − 2481. doi: 10.1007/s10064-019-01693-x
[13]	YANG Shengqi,TIAN Wenling,JING Hongwen,et al. Deformation and damage failure behavior of mudstone specimens under single-stage and multi-stage triaxial compression[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2019,52(3):673 − 689. doi: 10.1007/s00603-018-1622-y
[14]	YANG Bing,HOU Jiangrong,LIU Yifei,et al. Dynamic response and failure characteristics of slope with weak interlayer under action of near-fault ground motion[J]. Shock and Vibration,2021,2021:1 − 18.
[15]	王来贵,向丽,赵娜,等. 地震作用下顺倾多弱层岩质边坡动力响应[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2021,32(6):18 − 25. [WANG Laigui,XIANG Li,ZHAO Na,et al. Dynamic response of down-dip multi-weak-layer rock slope under earthquake[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2021,32(6):18 − 25. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]	李鹏, 苏生瑞, 王闫超, 等. 含软弱层岩质边坡的动力响应研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2013, 34（增刊1）: 365-370 LI Peng, SU Shengrui, WANG Yanchao, et al. Research on dynamic response of rock slope with weak layer[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2013, 34（Sup 1）: 365-370. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[17]	皮晓清,李亮,唐高朋,等. 基于有限元极限上限法的含软弱夹层边坡稳定性分析[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报,2019,16(2):351 − 358. [PI Xiaoqing,LI Liang,TANG Gaopeng,et al. Stability analysis for soil slopes with weak interlayers using the finite element upper bound limit analysis[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2019,16(2):351 − 358. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]	杨令强,练继建,陈祖坪. 软弱夹层的接触问题与强度问题探讨[J]. 水利水电技术,2002,33(6):17 − 19. [YANG Lingqiang,LIAN Jijian,CHEN Zuping. Discussion on contact problem and strength problem of weak interlayer[J]. Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,2002,33(6):17 − 19. (in Chinese)
[19]	吕布, 杨之俊, 韦秀东, 等. 坝基不同倾角软弱夹层的破坏模式及D-C模型参数研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2019, 41（增刊1）: 189 − 192 LU Bu, YANG Zhijun, WEI Xiudong, et al. Failure modes and constitutive model for weak interlayer of dam foundation with different inclination angles[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2019, 41（Sup 1）: 189 − 192. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[20]	郑青松,刘恩龙,刘明星. 三轴试验下结构面倾角对制备岩样力学特性的影响[J]. 岩土力学,2019,40(5):1854 − 1861. [ZHENG Qingsong,LIU Enlong,LIU Mingxing. Influence of dip angle of structural planes on mechanical properties of artificial rock samples under triaxial test conditions[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2019,40(5):1854 − 1861. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[21]	李东. 抚顺西露天矿南帮高陡弱层边坡变形规律研究[D]. 阜新: 辽宁工程技术大学, 2021 LI Dong. Study on deformation law of high, steep and weak layer slope in the south side of Fushun west open pit mine[D]. Fuxin: Liaoning Technical University, 2021. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[22]	刘传正,崔原,陈春利,等. 辽宁抚顺西露天矿南帮滑坡成因[J]. 地质通报,2022,41(5):713 − 726. [LIU Chuanzheng,CUI Yuan,CHEN Chunli,et al. Research on the south side landslide at west open-pit coal mine in Fushun City, Liaoning Province of China[J]. Geological Bulletin of China,2022,41(5):713 − 726. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[23]	孙闯, 张向东, 张涛, 等. 深部大跨度泥质顶板剪切冒落失稳区预测研究[J]. 中国安全生产科学技术, 2016, 12（1）: 23 − 27 SUN Chuang, ZHANG Xiangdong, ZHANG Tao, et al. Prediction on shear caving instability region of deep and large span muddy roof[J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technplogy, 2016, 12（1）: 23 − 27. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[24]	孙闯,张树光,贾宝新,等. 花岗岩峰后力学特性试验与模型研究[J]. 岩土工程学报,2015,37(5):847 − 852. [SUN Chuang,ZHANG Shuguang,JIA Baoxin,et al. Physical and numerical model tests on post-peak mechanical properties of granite[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(5):847 − 852. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[25]	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 滑坡防治工程勘查规范GB/T 32864-2016[S], 2016. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China, Standardization Administration of China.Specification of geological investigation for landslide stabilization GB/T 32864-2016[S], 2016. （in Chinese）