宜宾市地质灾害隐患与地层岩性-地质构造耦合关系研究

刘文; 余天彬; 王猛; 代力; 黄细超; 董继红

doi:10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202206011

宜宾市地质灾害隐患与地层岩性-地质构造耦合关系研究

doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202206011

刘文^1,,
余天彬¹,
王猛^1, ,,
代力²,
黄细超¹,
董继红¹

1.
四川省地质调查院（稀有稀土战略资源评价与利用四川省重点实验室），四川成都　610081
2.
宜宾市自然资源和规划局，四川宜宾　644000

基金项目: 宜宾市空天地一体化地质灾害遥感调查与监测项目（宜政采公委（2020）5号）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘文：刘　文（1990-），男，硕士，工程师，从事遥感地质与地质灾害调查工作。E-mail：liuwen2009.hi@163.com

通讯作者:
王　猛（1980–），男，硕士，高级工程师，主要研究方向：地质灾害遥感应用。E-mail：wangmengscrs@qq.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-08
- 录用日期: 2022-08-17
- 修回日期: 2022-07-05
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-06

Study on the coupling relationship between geological disaster and lithology - structure in Yibin City

1.
Sichuan Geological Survey （Evaluation and Utilization of Strategic Rare Metals and Rare Earth Resource Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province）, Chengdu　610081, China
2.
Yinbin Natural Resources and Planning Bureau, Yinbin　644000, China

摘要

摘要: 针对宜宾市地质灾害数量大、类型多、分布不均等问题，以宜宾市地质灾害隐患与地层岩性-地质构造耦合关系为切入点，在资料搜集、遥感解译、野外调查的基础上，分析总结了地层岩性、地质构造对地质灾害的控制效应，可为宜宾市地质灾害防灾减灾工作的分区部署提供科学支撑。研究结果表明：宜宾市地质灾害隐患与地层岩性关系密切，滑坡（含不稳定斜坡）、崩塌、地面塌陷在软硬相间的块状-层状碎屑岩组中广泛分布，较坚硬层状-块状碳酸岩盐岩组与软硬相间碎屑岩组的过渡部位亦有利于崩塌的发育，泥石流则分布在易被风化、可提供丰富物源的岩组中。区域地质构造控制了地质灾害的整体分布，主要表现为褶皱、断层走向与地质灾害整体展布具有一致性。对于不同的局部构造环境，地质灾害隐患发育程度明显不同，在褶皱构造中地质灾害隐患主要分布在距褶皱核部2km以外的区域，距离褶皱核部越远，地质灾害隐患点密度有逐渐增大的趋势；在断层构造中距断层面越近地质灾害隐患点密度越大，距离在1km以内断层对地质灾害隐患的控制效应尤为明显。大致以高县凤滩村—江安和平村为界，研究区北部应重点关注滑坡（含不稳定斜坡）地质灾害，建议采取群防群策的防治措施，南部应重点关注崩塌、地面塌陷，监测采取专业监测、搬迁避让的防治措施。
- 地质灾害 /
- 地层岩性 /
- 地质构造 /
- 宜宾市
Abstract: Based on the large number, diverse types and uneven distribution of geological disasters in Yibin City, this study takes the coupling relationship between geological disaster and lithology - structure as a starting point. Through data collection, remote sensing interpretation and field investigation, this study analyzed and summarized the control effects of formation lithology and geological structure on geological disasters. The findings can provide scientific support for the zoning and deployment of geological disaster prevention and mitigation in Yibin City. The results show that geological disasters in Yibin City are closely related to lithology. Landslides （including unstable slopes）, collapses, and ground collapses are widely distributed in soft and hard massive layered clastic rock formations. Additionally, the transition zone between hard layered massive carbonate rock formation and soft hard clastic rock formation is conducive to the development of collapse. Debris flows are distributed in rock formations that are easily weathered and can provide rich material sources. Regional geological structure also influences the overall distribution of geological disasters, particularly the consistency between the strike of folds and faults and the overall distribution of geological disasters. The degree of geological disaster development varies with different local tectonic environments. In fold structures, geological disasters are primarily concentrated within 2km of the fold core, with density increasing gradually as the distance from the fold core increases. In the fault structure, the density of geological disasters points increases as one approaches the fault plane, with the control effect of faults on geological disasters particularly evident within 1 km. This study recommends that the northern part of the study area, specifically Fengtan Village in Gaoxian County and Heping Village in Jiang'an County, prioritize landslide prevention and control measures, such as group prevention and group strategy. In contrast, the southern part should prioritize measures to prevent and control collapses and ground collapses, such as professional monitoring, relocation, and avoidance.
- geological disasters /
- formation lithology /
- geological structure /
- Yibin City

HTML全文

图 1 研究区地质简图（据1∶20万地质图修改）

Figure 1. Geological map of the study area (modified based on 1∶200,000 geological map)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 研究区构造纲要图

1-观音镇背斜；2-徐场向斜；3-孔滩背斜；4-打段向斜；5-青杠坪背斜；6-蟠龙场向斜；7-宜宾背斜；8-龙花滩向斜；9-青山峥背斜；10-南广背斜；11-同心寨向斜；12-同心场向斜；13-宋家场背斜；14-马家场向斜；15-广福坪背斜；16-蒋祝山向斜；17-天官堂背斜；18-五指山背斜；19-兰坝-中和庄向斜；20-锦屏山向斜；21-田坝向斜；22-黄楠塾背斜；23-老鹰咀向斜；24-来复渡向斜；25-贾村背斜；26-沙溪沟向斜；27-老翁场背斜；28-相岭一象鼻场向斜；29-珙长背斜；30-高县向斜；31-东阳乡鼻状背斜；32-凤凰山向斜；33-罗场向斜；34-筠连鼻状背斜；35-水茨坝向斜；37-武家坝向斜；37-巡司背斜；38-乐义背斜；39-走马背斜；40-联合向斜；41-仙雾山向斜；42-蒿坝向斜；43-高龙背斜；44-兴胜背斜；45-九丝城向斜；46-大雪山-王家背斜；（1）-华莹山大断裂；（2）-柏树溪断层；（3）-两河村-团林断层；（4）-联合-王家断层；（5）-毛桥断层；（6）-芭蕉湾断层；（7）-观斗山断层；（8）-巡司断层；（9）-君田坝断层；（10）-柏胜-后溪断层；（11）-西关门断层；（12）-乐义断层；（13）-民主-双河口断层；（14）-白杨湾断层；（15）-丰乐断层；（16）-大增湾断层；（17）-海平子-半坡头断层；（18）-老河坝-中都断层；（19）-多岗漕断层；（20）-四剧断层；（21）-联合-王家分支断层；（22）-九龙断层；（23）-香樟断层；（24）-水泥坝断层；（25）-柏胜-后溪分支断层；（26）-南井断层

Figure 2. Sketch tectonic map of the study area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 研究区地质灾害隐患与褶皱构造直方图

Figure 3. Histogram of geological disasters and fold structure distribution in the study area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 研究区地质灾害隐患与断裂构造直方图

Figure 4. Histogram of geological disasters and fault structure distribution in the study area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 研究区地质灾害类型和数量统计表

Table 1. Type and quantity statistics of geological disaster in the study area

类型	大型（处）	中型（处）	小型（处）	合计（处）	百分比（%）
滑坡（含不稳定斜坡）	9	152	722	883	64.97
崩塌	5	102	291	398	29.29
地面塌陷	2	0	60	62	4.56
泥石流	0	4	12	16	1.18

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 研究区不同工程地质岩组中地质灾害发育情况

Table 2. Geological disasters development in different engineering geological lithologies in the study area

工程地质岩类及岩组			滑坡（含不稳定斜坡）	崩塌	地面塌陷	泥石流
岩类	岩组	地层及代号	滑坡（含不稳定斜坡）	崩塌	地面塌陷	泥石流
岩浆岩类	坚硬的块状玄武岩岩组	峨眉山玄武岩组（P₂β）	8	4	1	0
碎屑岩类	较硬的块状砂岩岩组	打儿函组（K₁d）、窝头山组（K₁w）	59	20	0	0
	软硬相间的块状-层状砂岩、泥岩、页岩岩组	三合组（K₂s）、天马山组（K₁t）、蓬莱镇组（J₃p）、上沙溪庙组（J₂s）、下沙溪庙组（J₂xs）	341	72	1	3
	软硬相间的层状砂岩、粉砂岩、泥岩、页岩岩组	高坎坝组（K₂g）、新田沟组（J₂x）	3	1	0	0
	软硬相间的块状-层状砂岩、粉砂岩、泥页岩夹灰岩岩组	珍珠冲组（J₁z）、自流井组（J_1-2z）、长兴组（P₂c）、龙潭组（P₂l）	97	32	16	2
	软硬相间的块状砂岩夹泥页岩岩组	须家河组（T₃xj）	54	14	2	3
	软硬相间的层状粉砂岩、页岩、灰岩岩组	湄潭组（O₁m）	28	7	0	0
	软硬相间的层状页岩夹灰岩、砂岩岩组	飞仙关组（T₁f）	70	80	37	0
	软硬相间的层状粉砂岩、页岩夹泥灰岩、灰岩岩组	罗惹坪组（S₁lr）	22	10	0	0
	软弱的层状页岩夹泥灰岩岩组	龙马溪组（S₁l）、五峰组（O₃w）、中上志留统（S_2-3）	34	25	0	1
	软弱的层状页岩、泥岩岩组	遂宁组（J₃s）、梁山组（P₁l）	92	12	1	3
碳酸盐岩类	软硬相间的层状白云岩、灰岩夹粉砂岩、泥岩岩组	雷口坡组（T₂l、）、嘉陵江组（T₁j）	31	29	0	4
	较坚硬的层状白云岩、白云质灰岩岩组	娄山关群（∈_2-3ls）、高台组（∈₂g）	17	20	1	0
	较坚硬的层状-块状灰岩岩组	栖霞组（P₁q）、茅口组（P₁m）	15	69	3	0
	软硬相间的块状—层状灰岩夹粉砂岩、泥页岩岩组	临湘组（O₂l）、宝塔组（O₂b）、桐梓组（O₁t）、红花园组（O₁h）	10	3	0	0
松散岩类	砾、砂、砂土、亚粘土类	全新统（Qh^al）、更新统（Qp^al）	2	0	0	0

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