基于加权信息量模型的云南澜沧县滑坡危险性评价

吴兴贵; 王宇栋; 王蓝婷; 丁梓逸

doi:10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202210013

基于加权信息量模型的云南澜沧县滑坡危险性评价

doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202210013

昆明理工大学公共安全与应急管理学院，云南昆明　650093

详细信息

作者简介:
吴兴贵（1997-），女，重庆南川人，硕士，安全工程专业。E-mail：2839666766@qq.com

通讯作者:
王宇栋（1973-），男，云南昆明人，博士，副教授，主要研究地灾规划，大数据挖掘与安全可视化。E-mail：584772219@qq.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-11
- 录用日期: 2023-05-04
- 修回日期: 2023-04-11
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-19

Hazard assessment of landslides in Lancang County, Yunnan Province based on weighted information value model

Faculty of Public Safety and Emergency Management, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming　650093

摘要

摘要: 云南澜沧县位于滇西经向构造带中，在构造运动强烈，人类活动日益增加背景下，滑坡灾害发育，人民生命财产受到严重威胁，因此，对该区域进行滑坡危险性评价研究具有重要意义。以澜沧县滑坡数据为基础，选取高程、坡度、坡向、地层岩性、距断层距离，植被覆盖度，距道路距离，降雨量共8个评价因子，构建滑坡危险性评价指标体系。基于熵权法与信息量耦合模型，利用ArcGIS地理空间分析对研究区滑坡危险进行定性、定量评价并分区。结果显示：高危险区，面积占比17.91%，较高危险区占37.91%，中危险区占25.94%，低危险区占18.25%。经检验评价结果合理，加权信息量模型适用于滑坡危险性评价。
- 滑坡 /
- 熵权法 /
- 信息量模型 /
- 危险性评价 /
- 澜沧县
Abstract: Lancang county is located in the longitudinal tectonic zone of western Yunnan, where landslides are frequently developed by strong tectonic movement and increasing human activities, thus posing a significant threat to the safety and security of the local population. Therefore, it is of great significance to assess the landslide risk in this area. To construct a landslide risk evaluation index system, data on previous landslides in Lancang county was analyzed, and eight control factors were selected, including elevation, slope, slope direction, stratigraphic lithology, distance from fault, vegetation coverage, distance from road and rainfall. By using the entropy weight method and information coupling value model, the landslide risk in the study area was qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated, and ArcGIS geospatial analysis was used to partition the results. According to the assessment, high-risk areas accounted for 17.91% of the total area, relatively high-risk areas accounted for 37.91%, moderate-risk areas accounted for 25.94%, and low-risk areas accounted for 18.25%.The evaluation results were deemed reasonable, and the entropy weight method and information coupling value model were found to be appropriate for landslide hazard assessment in the region.
- landslide /
- Entropy weight method /
- Information volume model /
- Risk assessment /
- Lancang County

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图 1 研究区位置与滑坡灾害点分布

Figure 1. Location of the study area and distribution of landslide hazard sites

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图 2 滑坡危险评价因子分级图

Figure 2. Classification diagram of landslide risk evaluation factors

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图 3 指标分级与滑坡相对点密度柱状图

Figure 3. Histogram of indicator classification and relative point density of landslide

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图 4 滑坡危险性分区图

Figure 4. Landslide hazard zoning map

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图 5 危险性评价结果的ROC曲线

Figure 5. FIG. 5 ROC curve of hazard assessment results

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表 1 数据来源

Table 1. Summary of Data source

数据名称	数据来源	数据名称	数据来源
滑坡灾害点	澜沧县地质灾害详查	DEM数据	地理空间数据云
地质图	全国地质资料馆	降雨量	中国气象数据网
道路数据	91卫图助手	植被覆盖数据	地理空间数据云

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表 2 指标统计计算结果

Table 2. Statistical calculation results of indicators

因子	因子二级属性	滑坡点个数	栅格数量	信息量I_i	相对点密度D_i	归一化X_i	Hi	Wi
高程/m	492～1 099	20	1 224 511	−0.076	0.927	0.196	0.921	0.174
	1 099～1 366	33	2 536 591	−0.303	0.738	0.156
	1 366～1 623	54	2 684 074	0.133	1.142	0.241
	1 623～1 910	58	1 991 079	0.503	1.653	0.350
	1 910～2 530	6	1 268 180	−1.315	0.269	0.057
坡度/（°）	0～10	24	1 453 076	−0.065	0.937	0.171	0.984	0.034
	10～20	75	3 730 552	0.132	1.141	0.208
	20～30	47	3 223 642	−0.189	0.827	0.151
	30～40	20	1 114 820	0.018	1.018	0.186
	>40	5	182 345	0.442	1.556	0.284
坡向	北	18	1 267 813	−0.216	0.806	0.102	0.967	0.072
	东北	38	1 404 853	0.429	1.535	0.195
	东	9	1 199 159	−0.853	0.426	0.054
	东南	14	1 116 898	−0.341	0.711	0.090
	南	29	1 195 808	0.319	1.376	0.175
	西南	25	1 283 120	0.101	1.106	0.140
	西	14	1 112 242	−0.336	0.714	0.091
	西北	24	1 124 542	0.192	1.211	0.154
地层岩性	松散岩（土）体	3	91 136	0.625	1.868	0.306	0.911	0.197
	软弱岩层	7	197 943	0.697	2.007	0.329
	较软弱岩层	30	2 174 744	−0.245	0.783	0.128
	较坚硬岩层	128	6 776 327	0.070	1.072	0.176
	坚硬岩层	3	464 285	−1.003	0.367	0.060
距断裂距离/m	0～1 000	44	1 912 260	0.267	1.306	0.282	0.971	0.065
	1 000～2 000	29	1574 153	0.044	1.046	0.226
	2 000～3 000	16	1 187 454	−0.268	0.765	0.165
	3 000～4 000	8	917 368	−0.703	0.495	0.107
	>4 000	74	4 113 200	0.021	1.021	0.220
植被覆盖度	0～0.19	33	900 995	0.732	2.079	0.329	0.897	0.228
	0.19～0.45	45	1 291 011	0.682	1.978	0.313
	0.45～0.66	38	1 846 666	0.155	1.168	0.185
	0.66～0.84	41	2 895 125	−0.219	0.804	0.127
	0.84～0.1	14	2 770 638	−1.249	0.287	0.045
距道路距离/m	0～500	19	480 354	0.809	2.245	0.358	0.950	0.111
	500～1 000	11	458 280	0.309	1.362	0.217
	1 000～1 500	7	433 124	−0.086	0.917	0.146
	1 500～2 000	6	413 798	−0.195	0.823	0.131
	>2 000	128	7 918 879	−0.086	0.917	0.146
降雨量/mm	1 212.3～1 313.2	41	1 166 233	0.691	1.995	0.356	0.947	0.119
	1 313.2～1 382.0	35	1 524 128	0.265	1.303	0.233
	1 382.0～1 435.2	27	1 962 908	−0.248	0.781	0.139
	1 435.2～1 485.8	38	2 637 049	−0.201	0.818	0.146
	1 485.8～1 545.5	30	2 414 117	−0.349	0.705	0.126

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表 3 分区统计结果

Table 3. Statistical results of zoning

危险性等级	面积/km²	面积比例/%	滑坡点 /个	滑坡点比例/%	滑坡相对点密度
高危险区	1549.72	17.91	84	49.12	2.74
较高危险区	3280.77	37.91	63	36.84	0.97
中危险区	2244.93	25.94	19	11.11	0.43
低危险区	1579.76	18.25	5	2.92	0.16

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