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路堑边坡浅层塌滑的控制因素与生态防治措施

李怀鑫 晏长根 王瑞 席宏平 卢迪

李怀鑫,晏长根,王瑞,等. 以双达公路边坡为例[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2023,34(0): 1-9 doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202211019
引用本文: 李怀鑫,晏长根,王瑞,等. 以双达公路边坡为例[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2023,34(0): 1-9 doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202211019
LI Huaixin,YAN Changgen,WANG Rui,et al. Analysis of controlling factors and bio-engineering measures for shallow failures of cut slopes: A case study of Highway Cut Slopes from Shuangcheng-to-Dajiali Expressway[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2023,34(0): 1-9 doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202211019
Citation: LI Huaixin,YAN Changgen,WANG Rui,et al. Analysis of controlling factors and bio-engineering measures for shallow failures of cut slopes: A case study of Highway Cut Slopes from Shuangcheng-to-Dajiali Expressway[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2023,34(0): 1-9 doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202211019

路堑边坡浅层塌滑的控制因素与生态防治措施

doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202211019
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(42077265);甘肃省交通科技项目(2021-19)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    李怀鑫(1995-),男,河南信阳人,博士生,主要从事边坡工程相关工作,Email:lihuaixin520@163.com

    通讯作者:

    晏长根(1975-),男,博士,教授,博导, 主要从事岩土工程和工程地质方面的教学和研究工作E-mail:yanchanggen@163.com

  • 中图分类号: TU43

Analysis of controlling factors and bio-engineering measures for shallow failures of cut slopes: A case study of Highway Cut Slopes from Shuangcheng-to-Dajiali Expressway

  • 摘要: 有效掌握边坡浅层塌滑机制及其影响因素的主次关系是开展路堑边坡变形预测及塌滑治理的重要前提,为此,以甘肃省双达高速某路堑边坡为研究对象,首先通过FLAC3D有限元软件平台编写FISH语言,实现饱和度、重度和土体抗剪强度之间的动态关联,在此基础上求解不同降雨强度、坡比和降雨历时条件下路堑边坡的安全系数,并基于灰色关联理论确定降雨条件下路堑边坡浅层塌滑的主要外界因素主次关系,最后通过室内降雨试验和现场生态防护试验总结了路堑边坡浅层塌滑机制,提出了浅层塌滑生态防治措施。研究表明降雨过程中路堑边坡破坏模式由深层整体滑动向浅层局部滑动演化,且随坡比的降低,浅层塌滑区域由路堑边坡的坡肩部位向坡脚部位演化;相比降雨强度和降雨历时,坡比对路堑边坡浅层塌滑影响性最大;降雨过程中,路堑边坡浅层土体累计冲蚀率随时间呈现出先降低后增加的趋势,设置拱骨架和降低坡比均能提高路堑边坡浅层土体的抗塌滑能力;相比HP-FGM和EFM防护材料,聚丙烯纤维土防护材料时效性最理想,路堑边坡浅层塌滑生态治理效果最好。
  • 图  1  双达高速公路某粉质黏土路堑边坡滑塌现象

    Figure  1.  Site photo of collapsed slope in a silty clay cutting slope along the Shuangcheng−Dalijia expressway

    图  2  现场全貌图

    Figure  2.  Overview photo of site cut slope

    图  3  模型尺寸及网格划分

    Figure  3.  Model mesh size and mesh division

    图  4  土-水特征曲线

    Figure  4.  Soil-water characteristic curve

    图  5  不同含水率下土体抗剪强度参数

    Figure  5.  Shear strength parameter of soil at different water content

    图  6  降雨过程中孔隙水压力随深度分布变化曲线

    Figure  6.  Variation curve of pore water pressure distribution with depth during rainfall process

    图  7  降雨前后路堑边坡最大剪应变增量图

    Figure  7.  Maximum shear strain increment of slope before and after rainfall

    图  8  不同坡比条件下边坡最大剪应变增量图

    Figure  8.  Maximum shear strain increment of slope under different slope ratios

    图  9  模拟降雨器装置

    Figure  9.  Schematic view of rainfall simulation device

    图  10  降雨60 min时坡面[14]

    Figure  10.  Slope surface during 60 minutes of rainfall

    图  11  累计冲蚀量降低率随时间变化关系

    Figure  11.  Relationship between cumulative erosion reduction rate with time

    图  12  坡面防护效果对比

    Figure  12.  Comparison of slope surface protection effects

    表  1  土体材料参数

    Table  1.   Basic physical parameters of undisturbed soil

    弹性模量
    /MPa
    泊松比密度ρ
    /(g·cm−3
    渗透系数ks
    /(cm·s−1
    有效黏聚力
    /kPa
    有效内摩擦
    角/(°)
    12.000.31.884.5×10-526.728.5
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  VG模型参数

    Table  2.   Summary table of VG model parameters

    θsθrαnR2
    0.45920.08370.07201.26610.9655
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  边坡降雨前后安全系数

    Table  3.   Safety factor of slope before and after rainfall

    坡比降雨
    强度
    降雨
    历时
    初始安全
    系数FS
    降雨结束时
    安全系数FS
    1∶0.55 mm/h24 h2.682.49
    1∶0.755 mm/h24 h2.922.75
    1∶15 mm/h24 h3.283.12
    1∶1.255 mm/h24 h3.303.18
    1∶12.5 mm/h24 h3.283.23
    1∶15 mm/h24 h3.283.12
    1∶17.5 mm/h24 h3.281.25
    1∶110 mm/h24 h3.281.11
    1∶15 mm/h12 h3.283.21
    1∶15 mm/h24 h3.283.12
    1∶15 mm/h32 h3.281.575
    1∶15 mm/h48 h3.280.58
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  不同防护材料及防护效果对比

    Table  4.   Comparison of different protective materials and their effectiveness

    防护材料名称主要成分质量配合比草种添加量
    /(g∙m−2
    坡面防护层
    厚度/mm
    路堑边坡浅层塌滑防治效果
    HP-FGM
    (灵活增长介质)
    卷曲纤维、木质纤维、
    湿润剂和微孔颗粒
    16∶1∶2∶120≥30坡面透气性和透水性最优,初期植被覆盖率最高,
    短期内生态防治效果较优,长期应用表现一般。
    素土素土/20≥30短期植被覆盖率一般,坡面透气性和透水性一般,
    生态防治效果一般,长期应用表现一般。
    EFM
    (工程纤维基质)
    卷曲与木质纤维
    和湿润剂
    8.1∶120≥30坡面透气性和透水性良好,初期植被覆盖率较高,
    短期内生态防治效果良好,长期应用表现一般。
    聚丙烯纤维土聚丙烯纤维
    和素土
    0.003∶120≥30坡面透气性和透水性最差,短期植被覆盖率最低,
    短期生态防治效果较差,长期应用表现优良。
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-11-09
  • 录用日期:  2023-05-26
  • 修回日期:  2023-04-24
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-06-01

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