大渡河瀑布沟水库红岩子滑坡变形特征及机理分析

李忠文; 李俊峰; 张小琼; 杨宇驰; 周平根; 韩冰

doi:10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202212015

大渡河瀑布沟水库红岩子滑坡变形特征及机理分析

doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202212015

李忠文^{1, 2,},
李俊峰^{2, 3},
张小琼⁴,
杨宇驰⁵,
周平根²,
韩冰^{2, 3, ,}

1.
中国地质科学院，北京　100037
2.
中国地质环境监测院，北京　100081
3.
自然资源部四川雅安地质灾害野外科学观测研究站，四川雅安　625099
4.
雅安市地灾防治与生态修复中心，四川雅安　625099
5.
汉源县自然资源和规划局，四川雅安　625300

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目“复杂山区地质灾害监测预警北斗集成系统研发”（2021YFC3000500）；国家级地质环境监测与预报项目（No.121201014000150003）；自然资源部科技人才项目“智能传感与风险预警关键技术赋能全国地质灾害动态监测网络构建战略研究”（No.121106000000180039-2201）

详细信息

作者简介:
李忠文（1998-），男，汉族，江西赣州人，硕士研究生，研究方向为地质灾害。E-mail：2943371193@qq.com

通讯作者:
韩　冰（1981-），男，汉族，河北邯郸人，正高级工程师，主要从事地质灾害监测预警。E-mail：hanbing@mail.cgs.gov.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-27
- 录用日期: 2023-05-04
- 修回日期: 2023-04-11
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-11

Deformation characteristics and reactivation mechanism of Hongyanzi landslide in Pubugou reservoir area of the Dadu river

Zhongwen LI^{1, 2
,},
Junfeng LI^{2, 3},
Xiaoqiong ZHANG⁴,
Yuchi YANG⁵,
Pinggen ZHOU²,
Bing HAN^{2, 3
, ,}

1.
Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing　100037, China
2.
China Institute for Geo-Environment Monitoring, Beijing　100081, China
3.
Observation and Research Station of Geological Hazard in Sichuan Ya’an, Ministry of Natural Resources, Sichuan Ya’an　625099, China
4.
Ya'an Municipal Geological Hazard Prevention and Ecological Restoration Center, Sichuan Ya’an　625099
5.
Hanyuan municipal planning and natural resources bureau, Sichuan Ya’an　625300

摘要

摘要: 库水涨落常诱发库岸滑坡变形破坏。为了研究库岸滑坡的变形特征及变形机理，以大渡河瀑布沟水电站红岩子滑坡为对象，通过详细地表宏观变形调查和监测数据的深入分析，结合GeoStudio数值模拟，深入研究了该滑坡的变形特征、渗流场、稳定性及库水对滑坡的作用机理。结果表明：红岩子滑坡地表宏观变形显著，累计位移曲线呈“阶跃”式特征，库水下降是滑坡变形的主要诱发因素；库水位由850 m高水位集中下降至830 m以下时，位移阶跃启动，“阶跃”段的累计变形量占全年总变形量的90%以上，当库水位下降速率大于0.5 m/d时，滑坡加速变形；滑坡变形模式为蠕滑-拉裂，库水升降导致滑体内部渗透力的变化，对滑坡稳定性影响很大，引发滑坡“阶跃”变形。
- 库岸滑坡 /
- 变形特征 /
- 变形机理 /
- 阶跃 /
- 红岩子滑坡
Abstract: Reservoir water fluctuation can often trigger deformation and failure of reservoir bank landslides. This study focuses on the Hongyanzi landslide in the Pubugou hydropower Station of the Dadu River to investigate the deformation characteristics and deformation mechanisms of the reservoir bank landslides. Through detailed surface macro deformation surveys, monitoring data analysis, and GeoStudio numerical simulation, the deformation characteristics, seepage field, stability and the influence of reservoir water on landslide were studied in depth. The research revealed significant macro deformation of the Hongyanzi landslide surface, with a cumulative displacement curve exhibiting a "step-like" characteristic. The primary inducing factor of landslide deformation was found to be the decrease in the reservoir water level. When the reservoir water level dropped from 850 m to below 830 m, the displacement step was triggered, and the cumulative deformation of the "step" segment accounted for over 90% of the total annual deformation. Accelerated deformation of the landslide occurred when the rate of the reservoir water level decline was greater than 0.5 m/d. The landslide deformation mode was identified as creep slip-tensile cracking, with the rise and fall of the reservoir water level significantly impacting the internal permeability of the sliding body and causing a large impact on the landslide’s stability, leading to the "step-like" deformation of the landslide.
- reservoir bank landslide /
- deformation characteristics /
- deformation mechanism /
- step /
- Hongyanzi landslide

HTML全文

图 1 滑坡工程地质平面图及监测布置图

Figure 1. Geological contour map and monitoring layout of the landslide

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图 2 滑坡工程地质剖面图

Figure 2. Geological cross-section profile of the landslide

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图 3 2013—2015年监测点水平-垂直累计位移图

Figure 3. Total horizontal and vertical cumulative displacement map of monitoring points from 2013−2015

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图 4 2013—2015年各监测点水平位移方向曲线图

Figure 4. Horizontal displacement curve of monitoring points from 2013−2015

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图 5 监测点累计位移-库水位-降雨图

Figure 5. Cumulative displacement - reservoir water level - rainfall relationship diagram of monitoring points

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图 6 滑坡变形速率与库水位变化速率曲线图

Figure 6. Curve of landslide deformation rate and reservoir water level change rate

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图 8 滑坡二维模型

Figure 8. Two-dimensional model of the landslide

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图 7 滑坡两日平均库水变化值与两日平均位移增量关系图

Figure 7. The relationship diagram between the two-day average reservoir water change value and the two-day average displacement increment of the landslide

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图 9 降雨条件下滑坡渗流图

Figure 9. Seepage diagram of the landslide under rainfall conditions

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图 10 降雨条件下J04、J05孔隙水压

Figure 10. Pore water pressure distribution at monitoring points J04 and J05 under rainfall conditions

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图 11 不同时期滑坡渗流场及孔隙水压力/（kPa）

Figure 11. Landslide seepage field and pore water pressure distribution map at different periods （kPa）

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图 12 库水作用下监测点J01、J02、J03孔隙水压

Figure 12. Pore water pressure distribution at monitoring points J01, J02 and J03 under the action of reservoir water

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图 13 滑坡稳定系数变化曲线图

Figure 13. Change curve of landslide stability coefficient

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表 1 滑坡变形加速阶段库水下降速率均值

Table 1. Summary table of mean decline rate of reservoir water during landslide deformation acceleration phase

年份	时间段	库水下降速率/（m·d⁻¹）
2013	3/1—3/22	0.76
	3/27—4/12	0.72
	4/15—4/17	0.87
2014	3/2—3/9	0.59
	4/4—4/10	0.67
	4/15—4/25	0.91
2018	1/23—2/10	0.85
2018	3/27—3/31	0.56
2019	2/22—3/2	0.72
	3/22—4/2	0.89
	4/26—4/29	0.7

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表 2 滑坡物理力学参数

Table 2. Physical and mechanical parameters of the landslide

岩性	重度/（kN·m⁻³）	粘聚力/kPa	内摩擦角/（°）	渗透系数/（m·d⁻¹）
堆积层	20	20	15	0.45
基岩	26	3200	44	0.001

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表 3 滑坡计算参数

Table 3. Landslide calculation parameters

编号	模拟工况	荷载组合
I	降雨	自重+2013年真实降雨
II	降雨+库水	自重+2013年真实降雨+2013年库水位

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