Exploration and practice of the “dual control of point and zone” system for geological hazards in Xide County, Sichuan Province
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摘要: 地质灾害隐患点和风险区双控是我国“十四五”期间地质灾害防治的重要任务之一，各试点省份和地区均在探索如何有效开展“点面双控”，并逐渐形成点面双控的管理制度、责任体系和技术方法。在归纳四川省喜德县地质环境条件和前期防灾减灾工作成效的基础上，总结了在喜德县开展地质灾害隐患点和风险区双控工作的做法和经验，结合我国现有地质灾害四大体系，提出了包含五个板块的点面双控体系：风险调查评价与动态调整板块，提高“点面双控”针对性、时效性、可操作性；监测预警与响应处置板块，提高“点面双控”监测覆盖面、预警准确度和响应效率；风险常态管理与防御板块，提升“点面双控”常态防御能力与管理水平，推动防御和管理向数字化和智能化转变；科普宣传与培训演练板块，提升“点面双控”全民认知水平和避灾能力；制度建设板块，完善责任体系，制定双控制度。通过上述工作，实现了喜德县风险隐患动态监测与常态化防御，提升了喜德县地质灾害防控能力，可为其他地区提供科学参考。Abstract: The dual control of geological hazard hidden points and risk zones is one of the important tasks for geological hazard prevention during China’s 14th Five-Year Plan period. Pilot provinces and regions are actively exploring effective approaches to implement the “dual control of point and zone”, leading to the establishment of management systems, responsibility frameworks, and technical methods for this purpose. Drawing on the geological environmental conditions and the outcomes of hazard prevention and reduction efforts in Xide County, Sichuan Province, this paper summarizes the practices and experiences of “dual control” for geological hazards in the region. Integrating with the existing four geological hazard systems, a comprehensive “dual control of point and zone” framework comprising five components is proposed, including: (1) The “investigation, evaluation and dynamic adjustment” component aims to enhance the pertinence, timeliness, operability, and adaptability of the “dual control of point and zone”. (2) The “monitoring, early warning and response processing” component focus on improving the monitoring coverage, warning accuracy, and response efficiency of the “dual control of point and zone”. (3) The “normal management and defense” component seeks to elevate the regular defense capability and management level of the “dual control of point and zone”, promoting the transformation of defense and management towards digitalization and intelligence. (4) The “science popularization, training and drills” component aims to enhance the national cognition level and hazard avoidance capability regarding the “dual control of point and zone”. (5) The “system construction” component seeks to improve the responsibility system, and establish the “dual control” mechanism. The above achievements have realized the dynamic monitoring of risks and hidden dangers and regular defense in Xide County, enhancing the geological hazards prevention and control capabilities in the area, which can serve as a scientific reference for other regions.
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Key words:
- geological hazard /
- Xide County /
- dual control of point and zone /
- hidden trouble /
- risk area
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图 2 喜德县地质灾害类型统计图
Figure 2. Statistical chart of geological hazard types in Xide County
图 4 风险调查评价与动态调整板块
Figure 4. Component of risk investigation, evaluation and dynamic adjustment
图 5 洛哈镇沿米市河高风险区雨量监测数据与预警
Figure 5. Rainfall monitoring data and early warning in the high-risk area along the Mishi River in Luoha Town
图 7 不同工况下“面控”响应流程
Figure 7. “Zone control” response process under different working conditions
图 8 点面双控的常态管理与防御板块
Figure 8. Component of normal management and defense for dual control of point and zone
表 1 喜德县降雨型地质灾害预警模型
Table 1. Rainfall-type geological hazard early warning model for Xide County
降雨阈值模型
（0.1≤D≤120 h）当日降雨量/
mm累计降雨量/
mm对应预警等级
及形式I15%>0.87D−0.277 8.64 25 注意级 I50%>3.05D−0.277 26.5 49 警示级 I70%>4.18D−0.277 41.52 73 警戒级 I90%>8.225 D−0.279 81.22 145 警报级 
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