Analysis of typical cases of groundwater in high fill landslide with combined well-hole drainage
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摘要:
以攀枝花机场13#滑坡治理工程为例，在简述滑坡基本概况的基础上，着重论述了研究区水文地质条件。研究区雨季降水量占全年降水量的95%，中−大暴雨、3 d及以上降雨天数出现次数集中于7—9月，占总数的95%以上。研究区降雨具有雨季降水量强度大且集中的特点。物探及钻探揭示，滑坡后缘场坪填方区地下水丰富，具有“窝”状不连续分布特征，有明显的成层性；含水层具有黏土含量高、赋水性较好、孔隙连通性差、径流不畅，坡内地下水难以快速消散等特点。基于该滑坡地下水丰富的突出特点，提出了抗滑桩支挡与集水井联合井内仰斜排水孔疏排地下水并重的治理方案。治理工程竣工后，评估了井孔联合疏排地下水措施的排水效果，证明排水效果良好。
Abstract:Taking the landslide control project of landslide No.13 at Panzhihua airport as an example, this paper briefly describes the basic situation of the landslide and focuses on the hydrogeological conditions of the study area. The rainy season rainfall accounts for 95% of the annual rainfall in the study area, and the occurrence times of moderate to heavy rain and rainfall days of 3 days or more are concentrated in the rainy season from July to September, accounting for more than 95% of the total. The rainfall in the study area is characterized by high intensity and concentration during the rainy season. Geophysical exploration and drilling revealed that the ground water in the field filling area at the rear edge of the landslide was abundant, with a "nest" -shaped discontinuous distribution and obvious stratification. Aquifers are characterized by high clay content, good water-bearing properties, poor pore connectivity, and poor drainage, making it difficult to dissipate quickly. Based on the prominent feature of abundant groundwater in the landslide area, a remediation scheme combining anti-slide piles and joint drainage by well and inclined drainage holes is proposed. After the completion of the treatment project, the drainage effect of the joint drainage measures by well and drainage hole was evaluated, and the practical results demonstrated excellent drainage effectiveness.
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Keywords:
- high fill landslide /
- landslide /
- ground water /
- water collecting well /
- oblique drainage hole
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图 5 钻孔（a）、桩坑（b）中揭露滑面
Figure 5. Exposed sliding surfaces in boreholes (a) and pile pits (b)
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图 6 2007—2019年年降水量分布图
Figure 6. Distribution map of annual average rainfall from 2007 to 2019
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图 7 2007—2019年月平均降水量分布图
Figure 7. Distribution map of monthly average rainfall from 2007 to 2019
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图 8 2010—2019年中雨及以上次数、连续3 d降雨次数分布图
Figure 8. Distribution map of the frequency of moderate rain or more for consecutive 3-days rainfall events from 2010 to 2019
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图 10 坡脚、平台水沟地下水出露
Figure 10. The underground water emergence from slope foot, platform ditch
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图 11 一级马道监测点累计位移/沉降-时间曲线
Figure 11. Cumulative displacement/settlement - time curve of level 1 monitoring point
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图 17 集水井出水口（左：出水口1；右：出水口2）
Figure 17. The collection well outlet (left: water outlet 1; right: water outlet 2)
表 1 治理前后稳定性评估结果
Table 1 Stability assessment results before and after treatment
序号 断面
编号治理前稳定系数 应急刷
体积/m3设支挡结构后增加
抗滑力/（kN·m−1）设集水井后地下水
降低高度/m治理后稳定系数 自然工况 暴雨工况 地震工况 自然工况 暴雨工况 地震工况 1 1-1' 1.03 1.00 0.86 23516 1740 5.8 1.35 1.31 1.25 2 2-2' 1.03 1.00 0.85 2730 6.5 1.34 1.33 1.26 3 3-3' 1.02 0.99 0.82 2609 7.2 1.35 1.32 1.26 
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