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斜坡降雨侵蚀破坏机理现场试验研究以四川甘洛黑西洛沟滑坡-泥石流残留边坡为例

吕霞, 范刚, 刘大瑞, 林子钰

吕霞,范刚,刘大瑞,等. 斜坡降雨侵蚀破坏机理现场试验研究−以四川甘洛黑西洛沟滑坡-泥石流残留边坡为例[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2024,35(6): 82-89. DOI: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202306004
引用本文: 吕霞,范刚,刘大瑞,等. 斜坡降雨侵蚀破坏机理现场试验研究−以四川甘洛黑西洛沟滑坡-泥石流残留边坡为例[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2024,35(6): 82-89. DOI: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202306004
LYU Xia,FAN Gang,LIU Darui,et al. Analysis of slope erosion and failure mechanism under rainfall conditions based on field experiments: A case study of the residual slope of landslide and debris flow in Hexiluo gully, Ganluo County, Sichuan Province[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2024,35(6): 82-89. DOI: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202306004
Citation: LYU Xia,FAN Gang,LIU Darui,et al. Analysis of slope erosion and failure mechanism under rainfall conditions based on field experiments: A case study of the residual slope of landslide and debris flow in Hexiluo gully, Ganluo County, Sichuan Province[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2024,35(6): 82-89. DOI: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202306004

斜坡降雨侵蚀破坏机理现场试验研究——以四川甘洛黑西洛沟滑坡-泥石流残留边坡为例

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金(西藏)项目(U20A20111)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    吕 霞(1999—),女,重庆人,硕士生,研究方向为滑坡/泥石流-堰塞湖-溃决灾害链。E-mail:lvxia76@stu.scu.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    范 刚(1987—),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为滑坡灾害防治机理。E-mail:fangang@scu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: P642.22

Analysis of slope erosion and failure mechanism under rainfall conditions based on field experiments: A case study of the residual slope of landslide and debris flow in Hexiluo gully, Ganluo County, Sichuan Province

  • 摘要:

    滑坡/泥石流-堰塞湖-溃决洪水链生灾害是我国山丘区最为频繁的地质灾害,强降雨是其关键诱发因素。选取2020年四川省甘洛县黑西洛泥石流沟残留边坡开展现场人工降雨试验。通过分析强降雨作用下边坡孔隙水压力和土壤含水率的变化规律,并结合X射线能谱分析(EDS)测试结果,探究降雨对边坡稳定性的影响。试验结果表明:孔隙水压力和土壤含水率在降雨过程中会明显上升,随着降雨的持续进行,边坡的侵蚀破坏范围逐渐扩大,破坏过程中伴随着土壤含水率和孔隙水压力的增大,并且相应位置的土壤含水率和孔隙水压力变化一致;EDS测试结果表明边坡土体中含有伊利石和高岭石两类黏土矿物,降雨会导致边坡表层土体膨胀软化,土颗粒的黏聚力降低,坡面产生拉裂缝,边坡强度降低,最终发生冲刷和侵蚀破坏。试验结果为揭示降雨作用下边坡侵蚀破坏的发生规律提供重要的理论指导。

    Abstract:

    Landslide/debris flow, dammed barrier lake, and subsequent dam-break floods constitute the most frequent geological disasters in mountainous regions, with heavy rainfall serving as the critical inducing factor. In 2020, artificial rainfall field tests were carried out on the residual slope of a debris flow in Hexiluo gully, Ganluo County, Sichuan Province. The study investigated the impact of rainfall on slope stability through analysis of variations in soil moisture content, pore water pressure under heavy rainfall, and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) test results. Results indicate that pore water pressure and soil moisture content increase significantly during rainfall. As rainfall persists, the extent of slope erosion and failure widens. Concurrently, soil moisture content and pore water pressure increase during slope failure, with consistent patterns observed in both parameters. The result of EDS tests reveal the presence of illite and kaolinite clay minerals in slope soil. Rainfall induces surface soil expansion and softening, reduces soil particle cohesion, causes tension cracks on the slope surface, weakens slope stability, and ultimately leads to erosion and failure. The research results contribute theoretically to understanding the patterns of slope erosion and failure induced by rainfall.

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  • 图  1   黑西洛沟堰塞坝全貌和沟内上游影像

    Figure  1.   Overview of the barrier dam and upper reaches image inside Hexilou gully

    图  2   黑西洛沟土体颗粒级配曲线

    Figure  2.   Particle size distribution curve of soil in Hexiluo gully

    图  3   现场降雨试验装置

    Figure  3.   Field rainfall testing device

    图  4   传感器布置示意图(单位:mm)

    Figure  4.   Sensor layout diagram (unit: mm)

    图  5   黑西洛沟临近站点实测降雨量过程

    Figure  5.   Process of measured rainfall data at the adjacent site in Hexiluo gully

    图  6   孔隙水压力随降雨历时的变化规律

    Figure  6.   Variation of pore water pressure with rainfall duration in Hexiluo gully

    图  7   土壤含水率随降雨历时的变化规律

    Figure  7.   Variation of soil water content with rainfall duration in Hexiluo gully

    图  8   降雨过程中边坡变形破坏特征

    Figure  8.   Slope deformation and failure characteristics during rainfall

    图  9   降雨过程中坡面形态图

    Figure  9.   Morphology map of the Slope surface during rainfall

    图  10   边坡坡面变形云图(负值表示冲刷,正值表示淤积)

    Figure  10.   Nephogram of side slope deformation (negative values indicate erosion, positive values indicate deposition)

    表  1   边坡物质成分组成表

    Table  1   Composition of slope material components

    元素 质量百分比/% 原子百分比/% 标准样品标签
    C 8.08 12.91 C
    O 49.38 59.23 SiO2
    Na 1.84 1.54 Albite(钠长石)
    Mg 0.39 0.31 MgO
    Al 6.96 4.95 Al2O3
    Si 26.51 18.11 SiO2
    K 3.72 1.82 KBr
    Ca 0.28 0.14 Wollastonite(硅石灰)
    Ti 0.36 0.14 Ti
    Fe 2.49 0.86 Fe
    总量 100 100
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2023-05-31
  • 修回日期:  2024-04-07
  • 录用日期:  2024-06-17
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-06-27
  • 刊出日期:  2024-12-24

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